net/netfilter/xt_osf.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2003+ Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
   3  *
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   8  * (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  17  */
  18 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  19 #include <linux/module.h>
  20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  21
  22 #include <linux/capability.h>
  23 #include <linux/if.h>
  24 #include <linux/inetdevice.h>
  25 #include <linux/ip.h>
  26 #include <linux/list.h>
  27 #include <linux/rculist.h>
  28 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
  29 #include <linux/slab.h>
  30 #include <linux/tcp.h>
  31
  32 #include <net/ip.h>
  33 #include <net/tcp.h>
  34
  35 #include <linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h>
  36 #include <linux/netfilter/x_tables.h>
  37 #include <net/netfilter/nf_log.h>
  38 #include <linux/netfilter/xt_osf.h>
  39
  40 struct xt_osf_finger {
  41         struct rcu_head                 rcu_head;
  42         struct list_head                finger_entry;
  43         struct xt_osf_user_finger       finger;
  44 };
  45
  46 enum osf_fmatch_states {
  47         /* Packet does not match the fingerprint */
  48         FMATCH_WRONG = 0,
  49         /* Packet matches the fingerprint */
  50         FMATCH_OK,
  51         /* Options do not match the fingerprint, but header does */
  52         FMATCH_OPT_WRONG,
  53 };
  54
  55 /*
  56  * Indexed by dont-fragment bit.
  57  * It is the only constant value in the fingerprint.
  58  */
  59 static struct list_head xt_osf_fingers[2];
  60
  61 static const struct nla_policy xt_osf_policy[OSF_ATTR_MAX + 1] = {
  62         [OSF_ATTR_FINGER]       = { .len = sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger) },
  63 };
  64
  65 static int xt_osf_add_callback(struct net *net, struct sock *ctnl,
  66                                struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
  67                                const struct nlattr * const osf_attrs[])
  68 {
  69         struct xt_osf_user_finger *f;
  70         struct xt_osf_finger *kf = NULL, *sf;
  71         int err = 0;
  72
  73         if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
  74                 return -EPERM;
  75
  76         if (!osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER])
  77                 return -EINVAL;
  78
  79         if (!(nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_CREATE))
  80                 return -EINVAL;
  81
  82         f = nla_data(osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER]);
  83
  84         kf = kmalloc(sizeof(struct xt_osf_finger), GFP_KERNEL);
  85         if (!kf)
  86                 return -ENOMEM;
  87
  88         memcpy(&kf->finger, f, sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger));
  89
  90         list_for_each_entry(sf, &xt_osf_fingers[!!f->df], finger_entry) {
  91                 if (memcmp(&sf->finger, f, sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger)))
  92                         continue;
  93
  94                 kfree(kf);
  95                 kf = NULL;
  96
  97                 if (nlh->nlmsg_flags & NLM_F_EXCL)
  98                         err = -EEXIST;
  99                 break;
 100         }
 101
 102         /*
 103          * We are protected by nfnl mutex.
 104          */
 105         if (kf)
 106                 list_add_tail_rcu(&kf->finger_entry, &xt_osf_fingers[!!f->df]);
 107
 108         return err;
 109 }
 110
 111 static int xt_osf_remove_callback(struct net *net, struct sock *ctnl,
 112                                   struct sk_buff *skb,
 113                                   const struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
 114                                   const struct nlattr * const osf_attrs[])
 115 {
 116         struct xt_osf_user_finger *f;
 117         struct xt_osf_finger *sf;
 118         int err = -ENOENT;
 119
 120         if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
 121                 return -EPERM;
 122
 123         if (!osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER])
 124                 return -EINVAL;
 125
 126         f = nla_data(osf_attrs[OSF_ATTR_FINGER]);
 127
 128         list_for_each_entry(sf, &xt_osf_fingers[!!f->df], finger_entry) {
 129                 if (memcmp(&sf->finger, f, sizeof(struct xt_osf_user_finger)))
 130                         continue;
 131
 132                 /*
 133                  * We are protected by nfnl mutex.
 134                  */
 135                 list_del_rcu(&sf->finger_entry);
 136                 kfree_rcu(sf, rcu_head);
 137
 138                 err = 0;
 139                 break;
 140         }
 141
 142         return err;
 143 }
 144
 145 static const struct nfnl_callback xt_osf_nfnetlink_callbacks[OSF_MSG_MAX] = {
 146         [OSF_MSG_ADD]   = {
 147                 .call           = xt_osf_add_callback,
 148                 .attr_count     = OSF_ATTR_MAX,
 149                 .policy         = xt_osf_policy,
 150         },
 151         [OSF_MSG_REMOVE]        = {
 152                 .call           = xt_osf_remove_callback,
 153                 .attr_count     = OSF_ATTR_MAX,
 154                 .policy         = xt_osf_policy,
 155         },
 156 };
 157
 158 static const struct nfnetlink_subsystem xt_osf_nfnetlink = {
 159         .name                   = "osf",
 160         .subsys_id              = NFNL_SUBSYS_OSF,
 161         .cb_count               = OSF_MSG_MAX,
 162         .cb                     = xt_osf_nfnetlink_callbacks,
 163 };
 164
 165 static inline int xt_osf_ttl(const struct sk_buff *skb, const struct xt_osf_info *info,
 166                             unsigned char f_ttl)
 167 {
 168         const struct iphdr *ip = ip_hdr(skb);
 169
 170         if (info->flags & XT_OSF_TTL) {
 171                 if (info->ttl == XT_OSF_TTL_TRUE)
 172                         return ip->ttl == f_ttl;
 173                 if (info->ttl == XT_OSF_TTL_NOCHECK)
 174                         return 1;
 175                 else if (ip->ttl <= f_ttl)
 176                         return 1;
 177                 else {
 178                         struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(skb->dev);
 179                         int ret = 0;
 180
 181                         for_ifa(in_dev) {
 182                                 if (inet_ifa_match(ip->saddr, ifa)) {
 183                                         ret = (ip->ttl == f_ttl);
 184                                         break;
 185                                 }
 186                         }
 187                         endfor_ifa(in_dev);
 188
 189                         return ret;
 190                 }
 191         }
 192
 193         return ip->ttl == f_ttl;
 194 }
 195
 196 static bool
 197 xt_osf_match_packet(const struct sk_buff *skb, struct xt_action_param *p)
 198 {
 199         const struct xt_osf_info *info = p->matchinfo;
 200         const struct iphdr *ip = ip_hdr(skb);
 201         const struct tcphdr *tcp;
 202         struct tcphdr _tcph;
 203         int fmatch = FMATCH_WRONG, fcount = 0;
 204         unsigned int optsize = 0, check_WSS = 0;
 205         u16 window, totlen, mss = 0;
 206         bool df;
 207         const unsigned char *optp = NULL, *_optp = NULL;
 208         unsigned char opts[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
 209         const struct xt_osf_finger *kf;
 210         const struct xt_osf_user_finger *f;
 211         struct net *net = p->net;
 212
 213         if (!info)
 214                 return false;
 215
 216         tcp = skb_header_pointer(skb, ip_hdrlen(skb), sizeof(struct tcphdr), &_tcph);
 217         if (!tcp)
 218                 return false;
 219
 220         if (!tcp->syn)
 221                 return false;
 222
 223         totlen = ntohs(ip->tot_len);
 224         df = ntohs(ip->frag_off) & IP_DF;
 225         window = ntohs(tcp->window);
 226
 227         if (tcp->doff * 4 > sizeof(struct tcphdr)) {
 228                 optsize = tcp->doff * 4 - sizeof(struct tcphdr);
 229
 230                 _optp = optp = skb_header_pointer(skb, ip_hdrlen(skb) +
 231                                 sizeof(struct tcphdr), optsize, opts);
 232         }
 233
 234         rcu_read_lock();
 235         list_for_each_entry_rcu(kf, &xt_osf_fingers[df], finger_entry) {
 236                 int foptsize, optnum;
 237
 238                 f = &kf->finger;
 239
 240                 if (!(info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG) && strcmp(info->genre, f->genre))
 241                         continue;
 242
 243                 optp = _optp;
 244                 fmatch = FMATCH_WRONG;
 245
 246                 if (totlen != f->ss || !xt_osf_ttl(skb, info, f->ttl))
 247                         continue;
 248
 249                 /*
 250                  * Should not happen if userspace parser was written correctly.
 251                  */
 252                 if (f->wss.wc >= OSF_WSS_MAX)
 253                         continue;
 254
 255                 /* Check options */
 256
 257                 foptsize = 0;
 258                 for (optnum = 0; optnum < f->opt_num; ++optnum)
 259                         foptsize += f->opt[optnum].length;
 260
 261                 if (foptsize > MAX_IPOPTLEN ||
 262                     optsize > MAX_IPOPTLEN ||
 263                     optsize != foptsize)
 264                         continue;
 265
 266                 check_WSS = f->wss.wc;
 267
 268                 for (optnum = 0; optnum < f->opt_num; ++optnum) {
 269                         if (f->opt[optnum].kind == (*optp)) {
 270                                 __u32 len = f->opt[optnum].length;
 271                                 const __u8 *optend = optp + len;
 272
 273                                 fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 274
 275                                 switch (*optp) {
 276                                 case OSFOPT_MSS:
 277                                         mss = optp[3];
 278                                         mss <<= 8;
 279                                         mss |= optp[2];
 280
 281                                         mss = ntohs((__force __be16)mss);
 282                                         break;
 283                                 case OSFOPT_TS:
 284                                         break;
 285                                 }
 286
 287                                 optp = optend;
 288                         } else
 289                                 fmatch = FMATCH_OPT_WRONG;
 290
 291                         if (fmatch != FMATCH_OK)
 292                                 break;
 293                 }
 294
 295                 if (fmatch != FMATCH_OPT_WRONG) {
 296                         fmatch = FMATCH_WRONG;
 297
 298                         switch (check_WSS) {
 299                         case OSF_WSS_PLAIN:
 300                                 if (f->wss.val == 0 || window == f->wss.val)
 301                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 302                                 break;
 303                         case OSF_WSS_MSS:
 304                                 /*
 305                                  * Some smart modems decrease mangle MSS to
 306                                  * SMART_MSS_2, so we check standard, decreased
 307                                  * and the one provided in the fingerprint MSS
 308                                  * values.
 309                                  */
 310 #define SMART_MSS_1     1460
 311 #define SMART_MSS_2     1448
 312                                 if (window == f->wss.val * mss ||
 313                                     window == f->wss.val * SMART_MSS_1 ||
 314                                     window == f->wss.val * SMART_MSS_2)
 315                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 316                                 break;
 317                         case OSF_WSS_MTU:
 318                                 if (window == f->wss.val * (mss + 40) ||
 319                                     window == f->wss.val * (SMART_MSS_1 + 40) ||
 320                                     window == f->wss.val * (SMART_MSS_2 + 40))
 321                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 322                                 break;
 323                         case OSF_WSS_MODULO:
 324                                 if ((window % f->wss.val) == 0)
 325                                         fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 326                                 break;
 327                         }
 328                 }
 329
 330                 if (fmatch != FMATCH_OK)
 331                         continue;
 332
 333                 fcount++;
 334
 335                 if (info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG)
 336                         nf_log_packet(net, p->family, p->hooknum, skb,
 337                                       p->in, p->out, NULL,
 338                                       "%s [%s:%s] : %pI4:%d -> %pI4:%d hops=%d\n",
 339                                       f->genre, f->version, f->subtype,
 340                                       &ip->saddr, ntohs(tcp->source),
 341                                       &ip->daddr, ntohs(tcp->dest),
 342                                       f->ttl - ip->ttl);
 343
 344                 if ((info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG) &&
 345                     info->loglevel == XT_OSF_LOGLEVEL_FIRST)
 346                         break;
 347         }
 348         rcu_read_unlock();
 349
 350         if (!fcount && (info->flags & XT_OSF_LOG))
 351                 nf_log_packet(net, p->family, p->hooknum, skb, p->in,
 352                               p->out, NULL,
 353                         "Remote OS is not known: %pI4:%u -> %pI4:%u\n",
 354                                 &ip->saddr, ntohs(tcp->source),
 355                                 &ip->daddr, ntohs(tcp->dest));
 356
 357         if (fcount)
 358                 fmatch = FMATCH_OK;
 359
 360         return fmatch == FMATCH_OK;
 361 }
 362
 363 static struct xt_match xt_osf_match = {
 364         .name           = "osf",
 365         .revision       = 0,
 366         .family         = NFPROTO_IPV4,
 367         .proto          = IPPROTO_TCP,
 368         .hooks          = (1 << NF_INET_LOCAL_IN) |
 369                                 (1 << NF_INET_PRE_ROUTING) |
 370                                 (1 << NF_INET_FORWARD),
 371         .match          = xt_osf_match_packet,
 372         .matchsize      = sizeof(struct xt_osf_info),
 373         .me             = THIS_MODULE,
 374 };
 375
 376 static int __init xt_osf_init(void)
 377 {
 378         int err = -EINVAL;
 379         int i;
 380
 381         for (i=0; i<ARRAY_SIZE(xt_osf_fingers); ++i)
 382                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&xt_osf_fingers[i]);
 383
 384         err = nfnetlink_subsys_register(&xt_osf_nfnetlink);
 385         if (err < 0) {
 386                 pr_err("Failed to register OSF nsfnetlink helper (%d)\n", err);
 387                 goto err_out_exit;
 388         }
 389
 390         err = xt_register_match(&xt_osf_match);
 391         if (err) {
 392                 pr_err("Failed to register OS fingerprint "
 393                        "matching module (%d)\n", err);
 394                 goto err_out_remove;
 395         }
 396
 397         return 0;
 398
 399 err_out_remove:
 400         nfnetlink_subsys_unregister(&xt_osf_nfnetlink);
 401 err_out_exit:
 402         return err;
 403 }
 404
 405 static void __exit xt_osf_fini(void)
 406 {
 407         struct xt_osf_finger *f;
 408         int i;
 409
 410         nfnetlink_subsys_unregister(&xt_osf_nfnetlink);
 411         xt_unregister_match(&xt_osf_match);
 412
 413         rcu_read_lock();
 414         for (i=0; i<ARRAY_SIZE(xt_osf_fingers); ++i) {
 415
 416                 list_for_each_entry_rcu(f, &xt_osf_fingers[i], finger_entry) {
 417                         list_del_rcu(&f->finger_entry);
 418                         kfree_rcu(f, rcu_head);
 419                 }
 420         }
 421         rcu_read_unlock();
 422
 423         rcu_barrier();
 424 }
 425
 426 module_init(xt_osf_init);
 427 module_exit(xt_osf_fini);
 428
 429 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 430 MODULE_AUTHOR("Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>");
 431 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Passive OS fingerprint matching.");
 432 MODULE_ALIAS("ipt_osf");
 433 MODULE_ALIAS("ip6t_osf");
 434 MODULE_ALIAS_NFNL_SUBSYS(NFNL_SUBSYS_OSF);