2 * INET An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
3 * operating system. INET is implemented using the BSD Socket
4 * interface as the means of communication with the user level.
6 * The Internet Protocol (IP) module.
9 * Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
10 * Donald Becker, <becker@super.org>
11 * Alan Cox, <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
13 * Stefan Becker, <stefanb@yello.ping.de>
14 * Jorge Cwik, <jorge@laser.satlink.net>
15 * Arnt Gulbrandsen, <agulbra@nvg.unit.no>
19 * Alan Cox : Commented a couple of minor bits of surplus code
20 * Alan Cox : Undefining IP_FORWARD doesn't include the code
21 * (just stops a compiler warning).
22 * Alan Cox : Frames with >=MAX_ROUTE record routes, strict routes or loose routes
23 * are junked rather than corrupting things.
24 * Alan Cox : Frames to bad broadcast subnets are dumped
25 * We used to process them non broadcast and
26 * boy could that cause havoc.
27 * Alan Cox : ip_forward sets the free flag on the
28 * new frame it queues. Still crap because
29 * it copies the frame but at least it
30 * doesn't eat memory too.
31 * Alan Cox : Generic queue code and memory fixes.
32 * Fred Van Kempen : IP fragment support (borrowed from NET2E)
33 * Gerhard Koerting: Forward fragmented frames correctly.
34 * Gerhard Koerting: Fixes to my fix of the above 8-).
35 * Gerhard Koerting: IP interface addressing fix.
36 * Linus Torvalds : More robustness checks
37 * Alan Cox : Even more checks: Still not as robust as it ought to be
38 * Alan Cox : Save IP header pointer for later
39 * Alan Cox : ip option setting
40 * Alan Cox : Use ip_tos/ip_ttl settings
41 * Alan Cox : Fragmentation bogosity removed
42 * (Thanks to Mark.Bush@prg.ox.ac.uk)
43 * Dmitry Gorodchanin : Send of a raw packet crash fix.
44 * Alan Cox : Silly ip bug when an overlength
45 * fragment turns up. Now frees the
47 * Linus Torvalds/ : Memory leakage on fragmentation
48 * Alan Cox : handling.
49 * Gerhard Koerting: Forwarding uses IP priority hints
50 * Teemu Rantanen : Fragment problems.
51 * Alan Cox : General cleanup, comments and reformat
52 * Alan Cox : SNMP statistics
53 * Alan Cox : BSD address rule semantics. Also see
54 * UDP as there is a nasty checksum issue
55 * if you do things the wrong way.
56 * Alan Cox : Always defrag, moved IP_FORWARD to the config.in file
57 * Alan Cox : IP options adjust sk->priority.
58 * Pedro Roque : Fix mtu/length error in ip_forward.
59 * Alan Cox : Avoid ip_chk_addr when possible.
60 * Richard Underwood : IP multicasting.
61 * Alan Cox : Cleaned up multicast handlers.
62 * Alan Cox : RAW sockets demultiplex in the BSD style.
63 * Gunther Mayer : Fix the SNMP reporting typo
64 * Alan Cox : Always in group 224.0.0.1
65 * Pauline Middelink : Fast ip_checksum update when forwarding
66 * Masquerading support.
67 * Alan Cox : Multicast loopback error for 224.0.0.1
68 * Alan Cox : IP_MULTICAST_LOOP option.
69 * Alan Cox : Use notifiers.
70 * Bjorn Ekwall : Removed ip_csum (from slhc.c too)
71 * Bjorn Ekwall : Moved ip_fast_csum to ip.h (inline!)
72 * Stefan Becker : Send out ICMP HOST REDIRECT
73 * Arnt Gulbrandsen : ip_build_xmit
74 * Alan Cox : Per socket routing cache
75 * Alan Cox : Fixed routing cache, added header cache.
76 * Alan Cox : Loopback didn't work right in original ip_build_xmit - fixed it.
77 * Alan Cox : Only send ICMP_REDIRECT if src/dest are the same net.
78 * Alan Cox : Incoming IP option handling.
79 * Alan Cox : Set saddr on raw output frames as per BSD.
80 * Alan Cox : Stopped broadcast source route explosions.
81 * Alan Cox : Can disable source routing
82 * Takeshi Sone : Masquerading didn't work.
83 * Dave Bonn,Alan Cox : Faster IP forwarding whenever possible.
84 * Alan Cox : Memory leaks, tramples, misc debugging.
85 * Alan Cox : Fixed multicast (by popular demand 8))
86 * Alan Cox : Fixed forwarding (by even more popular demand 8))
87 * Alan Cox : Fixed SNMP statistics [I think]
88 * Gerhard Koerting : IP fragmentation forwarding fix
89 * Alan Cox : Device lock against page fault.
90 * Alan Cox : IP_HDRINCL facility.
91 * Werner Almesberger : Zero fragment bug
92 * Alan Cox : RAW IP frame length bug
93 * Alan Cox : Outgoing firewall on build_xmit
94 * A.N.Kuznetsov : IP_OPTIONS support throughout the kernel
95 * Alan Cox : Multicast routing hooks
96 * Jos Vos : Do accounting *before* call_in_firewall
97 * Willy Konynenberg : Transparent proxying support
102 * IP fragmentation wants rewriting cleanly. The RFC815 algorithm is much more efficient
103 * and could be made very efficient with the addition of some virtual memory hacks to permit
104 * the allocation of a buffer that can then be 'grown' by twiddling page tables.
105 * Output fragmentation wants updating along with the buffer management to use a single
106 * interleaved copy algorithm so that fragmenting has a one copy overhead. Actual packet
107 * output should probably do its own fragmentation at the UDP/RAW layer. TCP shouldn't cause
108 * fragmentation anyway.
110 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
111 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
112 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
113 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
116 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "IPv4: " fmt
118 #include <linux/module.h>
119 #include <linux/types.h>
120 #include <linux/kernel.h>
121 #include <linux/string.h>
122 #include <linux/errno.h>
123 #include <linux/slab.h>
125 #include <linux/net.h>
126 #include <linux/socket.h>
127 #include <linux/sockios.h>
128 #include <linux/in.h>
129 #include <linux/inet.h>
130 #include <linux/inetdevice.h>
131 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
132 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
134 #include <net/snmp.h>
136 #include <net/protocol.h>
137 #include <net/route.h>
138 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
139 #include <net/sock.h>
141 #include <net/icmp.h>
143 #include <net/checksum.h>
144 #include <net/inet_ecn.h>
145 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4.h>
146 #include <net/xfrm.h>
147 #include <linux/mroute.h>
148 #include <linux/netlink.h>
149 #include <net/dst_metadata.h>
152 * Process Router Attention IP option (RFC 2113)
154 bool ip_call_ra_chain(struct sk_buff *skb)
156 struct ip_ra_chain *ra;
157 u8 protocol = ip_hdr(skb)->protocol;
158 struct sock *last = NULL;
159 struct net_device *dev = skb->dev;
160 struct net *net = dev_net(dev);
162 for (ra = rcu_dereference(net->ipv4.ra_chain); ra; ra = rcu_dereference(ra->next)) {
163 struct sock *sk = ra->sk;
165 /* If socket is bound to an interface, only report
166 * the packet if it came from that interface.
168 if (sk && inet_sk(sk)->inet_num == protocol &&
169 (!sk->sk_bound_dev_if ||
170 sk->sk_bound_dev_if == dev->ifindex)) {
171 if (ip_is_fragment(ip_hdr(skb))) {
172 if (ip_defrag(net, skb, IP_DEFRAG_CALL_RA_CHAIN))
176 struct sk_buff *skb2 = skb_clone(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
191 static int ip_local_deliver_finish(struct net *net, struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
193 __skb_pull(skb, skb_network_header_len(skb));
197 int protocol = ip_hdr(skb)->protocol;
198 const struct net_protocol *ipprot;
202 raw = raw_local_deliver(skb, protocol);
204 ipprot = rcu_dereference(inet_protos[protocol]);
208 if (!ipprot->no_policy) {
209 if (!xfrm4_policy_check(NULL, XFRM_POLICY_IN, skb)) {
215 ret = ipprot->handler(skb);
220 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INDELIVERS);
223 if (xfrm4_policy_check(NULL, XFRM_POLICY_IN, skb)) {
224 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INUNKNOWNPROTOS);
225 icmp_send(skb, ICMP_DEST_UNREACH,
226 ICMP_PROT_UNREACH, 0);
230 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INDELIVERS);
242 * Deliver IP Packets to the higher protocol layers.
244 int ip_local_deliver(struct sk_buff *skb)
247 * Reassemble IP fragments.
249 struct net *net = dev_net(skb->dev);
251 if (ip_is_fragment(ip_hdr(skb))) {
252 if (ip_defrag(net, skb, IP_DEFRAG_LOCAL_DELIVER))
256 return NF_HOOK(NFPROTO_IPV4, NF_INET_LOCAL_IN,
257 net, NULL, skb, skb->dev, NULL,
258 ip_local_deliver_finish);
261 static inline bool ip_rcv_options(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
263 struct ip_options *opt;
264 const struct iphdr *iph;
266 /* It looks as overkill, because not all
267 IP options require packet mangling.
268 But it is the easiest for now, especially taking
269 into account that combination of IP options
270 and running sniffer is extremely rare condition.
273 if (skb_cow(skb, skb_headroom(skb))) {
274 __IP_INC_STATS(dev_net(dev), IPSTATS_MIB_INDISCARDS);
279 opt = &(IPCB(skb)->opt);
280 opt->optlen = iph->ihl*4 - sizeof(struct iphdr);
282 if (ip_options_compile(dev_net(dev), opt, skb)) {
283 __IP_INC_STATS(dev_net(dev), IPSTATS_MIB_INHDRERRORS);
287 if (unlikely(opt->srr)) {
288 struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev);
291 if (!IN_DEV_SOURCE_ROUTE(in_dev)) {
292 if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev))
293 net_info_ratelimited("source route option %pI4 -> %pI4\n",
300 if (ip_options_rcv_srr(skb, dev))
309 static int ip_rcv_finish_core(struct net *net, struct sock *sk,
310 struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
312 const struct iphdr *iph = ip_hdr(skb);
313 int (*edemux)(struct sk_buff *skb);
317 if (net->ipv4.sysctl_ip_early_demux &&
320 !ip_is_fragment(iph)) {
321 const struct net_protocol *ipprot;
322 int protocol = iph->protocol;
324 ipprot = rcu_dereference(inet_protos[protocol]);
325 if (ipprot && (edemux = READ_ONCE(ipprot->early_demux))) {
329 /* must reload iph, skb->head might have changed */
335 * Initialise the virtual path cache for the packet. It describes
336 * how the packet travels inside Linux networking.
338 if (!skb_valid_dst(skb)) {
339 err = ip_route_input_noref(skb, iph->daddr, iph->saddr,
345 #ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
346 if (unlikely(skb_dst(skb)->tclassid)) {
347 struct ip_rt_acct *st = this_cpu_ptr(ip_rt_acct);
348 u32 idx = skb_dst(skb)->tclassid;
349 st[idx&0xFF].o_packets++;
350 st[idx&0xFF].o_bytes += skb->len;
351 st[(idx>>16)&0xFF].i_packets++;
352 st[(idx>>16)&0xFF].i_bytes += skb->len;
356 if (iph->ihl > 5 && ip_rcv_options(skb, dev))
359 rt = skb_rtable(skb);
360 if (rt->rt_type == RTN_MULTICAST) {
361 __IP_UPD_PO_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INMCAST, skb->len);
362 } else if (rt->rt_type == RTN_BROADCAST) {
363 __IP_UPD_PO_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INBCAST, skb->len);
364 } else if (skb->pkt_type == PACKET_BROADCAST ||
365 skb->pkt_type == PACKET_MULTICAST) {
366 struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev);
370 * When a host sends a datagram to a link-layer broadcast
371 * address, the IP destination address MUST be a legal IP
372 * broadcast or IP multicast address.
374 * A host SHOULD silently discard a datagram that is received
375 * via a link-layer broadcast (see Section 2.4) but does not
376 * specify an IP multicast or broadcast destination address.
378 * This doesn't explicitly say L2 *broadcast*, but broadcast is
379 * in a way a form of multicast and the most common use case for
380 * this is 802.11 protecting against cross-station spoofing (the
381 * so-called "hole-196" attack) so do it for both.
384 IN_DEV_ORCONF(in_dev, DROP_UNICAST_IN_L2_MULTICAST))
388 return NET_RX_SUCCESS;
396 __NET_INC_STATS(net, LINUX_MIB_IPRPFILTER);
400 static int ip_rcv_finish(struct net *net, struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
402 struct net_device *dev = skb->dev;
405 /* if ingress device is enslaved to an L3 master device pass the
406 * skb to its handler for processing
408 skb = l3mdev_ip_rcv(skb);
410 return NET_RX_SUCCESS;
412 ret = ip_rcv_finish_core(net, sk, skb, dev);
413 if (ret != NET_RX_DROP)
414 ret = dst_input(skb);
419 * Main IP Receive routine.
421 static struct sk_buff *ip_rcv_core(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net *net)
423 const struct iphdr *iph;
426 /* When the interface is in promisc. mode, drop all the crap
427 * that it receives, do not try to analyse it.
429 if (skb->pkt_type == PACKET_OTHERHOST)
433 __IP_UPD_PO_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_IN, skb->len);
435 skb = skb_share_check(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
437 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INDISCARDS);
441 if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, sizeof(struct iphdr)))
447 * RFC1122: 3.2.1.2 MUST silently discard any IP frame that fails the checksum.
449 * Is the datagram acceptable?
451 * 1. Length at least the size of an ip header
453 * 3. Checksums correctly. [Speed optimisation for later, skip loopback checksums]
454 * 4. Doesn't have a bogus length
457 if (iph->ihl < 5 || iph->version != 4)
460 BUILD_BUG_ON(IPSTATS_MIB_ECT1PKTS != IPSTATS_MIB_NOECTPKTS + INET_ECN_ECT_1);
461 BUILD_BUG_ON(IPSTATS_MIB_ECT0PKTS != IPSTATS_MIB_NOECTPKTS + INET_ECN_ECT_0);
462 BUILD_BUG_ON(IPSTATS_MIB_CEPKTS != IPSTATS_MIB_NOECTPKTS + INET_ECN_CE);
464 IPSTATS_MIB_NOECTPKTS + (iph->tos & INET_ECN_MASK),
465 max_t(unsigned short, 1, skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs));
467 if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, iph->ihl*4))
472 if (unlikely(ip_fast_csum((u8 *)iph, iph->ihl)))
475 len = ntohs(iph->tot_len);
476 if (skb->len < len) {
477 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INTRUNCATEDPKTS);
479 } else if (len < (iph->ihl*4))
482 /* Our transport medium may have padded the buffer out. Now we know it
483 * is IP we can trim to the true length of the frame.
484 * Note this now means skb->len holds ntohs(iph->tot_len).
486 if (pskb_trim_rcsum(skb, len)) {
487 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INDISCARDS);
492 skb->transport_header = skb->network_header + iph->ihl*4;
494 /* Remove any debris in the socket control block */
495 memset(IPCB(skb), 0, sizeof(struct inet_skb_parm));
496 IPCB(skb)->iif = skb->skb_iif;
498 /* Must drop socket now because of tproxy. */
504 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_CSUMERRORS);
506 __IP_INC_STATS(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INHDRERRORS);
514 * IP receive entry point
516 int ip_rcv(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev, struct packet_type *pt,
517 struct net_device *orig_dev)
519 struct net *net = dev_net(dev);
521 skb = ip_rcv_core(skb, net);
524 return NF_HOOK(NFPROTO_IPV4, NF_INET_PRE_ROUTING,
525 net, NULL, skb, dev, NULL,
529 static void ip_sublist_rcv_finish(struct list_head *head)
531 struct sk_buff *skb, *next;
533 list_for_each_entry_safe(skb, next, head, list) {
534 list_del(&skb->list);
535 /* Handle ip{6}_forward case, as sch_direct_xmit have
536 * another kind of SKB-list usage (see validate_xmit_skb_list)
543 static void ip_list_rcv_finish(struct net *net, struct sock *sk,
544 struct list_head *head)
546 struct dst_entry *curr_dst = NULL;
547 struct sk_buff *skb, *next;
548 struct list_head sublist;
550 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sublist);
551 list_for_each_entry_safe(skb, next, head, list) {
552 struct net_device *dev = skb->dev;
553 struct dst_entry *dst;
555 skb_list_del_init(skb);
556 /* if ingress device is enslaved to an L3 master device pass the
557 * skb to its handler for processing
559 skb = l3mdev_ip_rcv(skb);
562 if (ip_rcv_finish_core(net, sk, skb, dev) == NET_RX_DROP)
566 if (curr_dst != dst) {
567 /* dispatch old sublist */
568 if (!list_empty(&sublist))
569 ip_sublist_rcv_finish(&sublist);
570 /* start new sublist */
571 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sublist);
574 list_add_tail(&skb->list, &sublist);
576 /* dispatch final sublist */
577 ip_sublist_rcv_finish(&sublist);
580 static void ip_sublist_rcv(struct list_head *head, struct net_device *dev,
583 NF_HOOK_LIST(NFPROTO_IPV4, NF_INET_PRE_ROUTING, net, NULL,
584 head, dev, NULL, ip_rcv_finish);
585 ip_list_rcv_finish(net, NULL, head);
588 /* Receive a list of IP packets */
589 void ip_list_rcv(struct list_head *head, struct packet_type *pt,
590 struct net_device *orig_dev)
592 struct net_device *curr_dev = NULL;
593 struct net *curr_net = NULL;
594 struct sk_buff *skb, *next;
595 struct list_head sublist;
597 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sublist);
598 list_for_each_entry_safe(skb, next, head, list) {
599 struct net_device *dev = skb->dev;
600 struct net *net = dev_net(dev);
602 skb_list_del_init(skb);
603 skb = ip_rcv_core(skb, net);
607 if (curr_dev != dev || curr_net != net) {
608 /* dispatch old sublist */
609 if (!list_empty(&sublist))
610 ip_sublist_rcv(&sublist, curr_dev, curr_net);
611 /* start new sublist */
612 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sublist);
616 list_add_tail(&skb->list, &sublist);
618 /* dispatch final sublist */
619 ip_sublist_rcv(&sublist, curr_dev, curr_net);