2 * net/sched/gen_estimator.c Simple rate estimator.
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
7 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9 * Authors: Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
12 * Jamal Hadi Salim - moved it to net/core and reshulfed
13 * names to make it usable in general net subsystem.
16 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
17 #include <linux/bitops.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/types.h>
20 #include <linux/kernel.h>
21 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
22 #include <linux/string.h>
24 #include <linux/socket.h>
25 #include <linux/sockios.h>
27 #include <linux/errno.h>
28 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
29 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
30 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
31 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
32 #include <linux/init.h>
33 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
34 #include <linux/slab.h>
36 #include <net/gen_stats.h>
39 This code is NOT intended to be used for statistics collection,
40 its purpose is to provide a base for statistical multiplexing
41 for controlled load service.
42 If you need only statistics, run a user level daemon which
43 periodically reads byte counters.
45 Unfortunately, rate estimation is not a very easy task.
46 F.e. I did not find a simple way to estimate the current peak rate
47 and even failed to formulate the problem 8)8)
49 So I preferred not to built an estimator into the scheduler,
50 but run this task separately.
51 Ideally, it should be kernel thread(s), but for now it runs
52 from timers, which puts apparent top bounds on the number of rated
53 flows, has minimal overhead on small, but is enough
54 to handle controlled load service, sets of aggregates.
56 We measure rate over A=(1<<interval) seconds and evaluate EWMA:
58 avrate = avrate*(1-W) + rate*W
60 where W is chosen as negative power of 2: W = 2^(-ewma_log)
62 The resulting time constant is:
69 * avbps and avpps are scaled by 2^5.
70 * both values are reported as 32 bit unsigned values. bps can
71 overflow for fast links : max speed being 34360Mbit/sec
72 * Minimal interval is HZ/4=250msec (it is the greatest common divisor
73 for HZ=100 and HZ=1024 8)), maximal interval
74 is (HZ*2^EST_MAX_INTERVAL)/4 = 8sec. Shorter intervals
75 are too expensive, longer ones can be implemented
76 at user level painlessly.
79 #define EST_MAX_INTERVAL 5
83 struct list_head list;
84 struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats;
85 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est;
86 spinlock_t *stats_lock;
92 struct rcu_head e_rcu;
94 struct gnet_stats_basic_cpu __percpu *cpu_bstats;
98 struct gen_estimator_head
100 struct timer_list timer;
101 struct list_head list;
104 static struct gen_estimator_head elist[EST_MAX_INTERVAL+1];
106 /* Protects against NULL dereference */
107 static DEFINE_RWLOCK(est_lock);
109 /* Protects against soft lockup during large deletion */
110 static struct rb_root est_root = RB_ROOT;
111 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(est_tree_lock);
113 static void est_timer(unsigned long arg)
116 struct gen_estimator *e;
119 list_for_each_entry_rcu(e, &elist[idx].list, list) {
120 struct gnet_stats_basic_packed b = {0};
124 spin_lock(e->stats_lock);
125 read_lock(&est_lock);
126 if (e->bstats == NULL)
129 __gnet_stats_copy_basic(&b, e->cpu_bstats, e->bstats);
131 brate = (b.bytes - e->last_bytes)<<(7 - idx);
132 e->last_bytes = b.bytes;
133 e->avbps += (brate >> e->ewma_log) - (e->avbps >> e->ewma_log);
134 e->rate_est->bps = (e->avbps+0xF)>>5;
136 rate = b.packets - e->last_packets;
138 e->last_packets = b.packets;
139 e->avpps += (rate >> e->ewma_log) - (e->avpps >> e->ewma_log);
140 e->rate_est->pps = (e->avpps + 0xF) >> 5;
142 read_unlock(&est_lock);
143 spin_unlock(e->stats_lock);
146 if (!list_empty(&elist[idx].list))
147 mod_timer(&elist[idx].timer, jiffies + ((HZ/4) << idx));
151 static void gen_add_node(struct gen_estimator *est)
153 struct rb_node **p = &est_root.rb_node, *parent = NULL;
156 struct gen_estimator *e;
159 e = rb_entry(parent, struct gen_estimator, node);
161 if (est->bstats > e->bstats)
162 p = &parent->rb_right;
164 p = &parent->rb_left;
166 rb_link_node(&est->node, parent, p);
167 rb_insert_color(&est->node, &est_root);
171 struct gen_estimator *gen_find_node(const struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
172 const struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est)
174 struct rb_node *p = est_root.rb_node;
177 struct gen_estimator *e;
179 e = rb_entry(p, struct gen_estimator, node);
181 if (bstats > e->bstats)
183 else if (bstats < e->bstats || rate_est != e->rate_est)
192 * gen_new_estimator - create a new rate estimator
193 * @bstats: basic statistics
194 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
195 * @stats_lock: statistics lock
196 * @opt: rate estimator configuration TLV
198 * Creates a new rate estimator with &bstats as source and &rate_est
199 * as destination. A new timer with the interval specified in the
200 * configuration TLV is created. Upon each interval, the latest statistics
201 * will be read from &bstats and the estimated rate will be stored in
202 * &rate_est with the statistics lock grabbed during this period.
204 * Returns 0 on success or a negative error code.
207 int gen_new_estimator(struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
208 struct gnet_stats_basic_cpu __percpu *cpu_bstats,
209 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est,
210 spinlock_t *stats_lock,
213 struct gen_estimator *est;
214 struct gnet_estimator *parm = nla_data(opt);
215 struct gnet_stats_basic_packed b = {0};
218 if (nla_len(opt) < sizeof(*parm))
221 if (parm->interval < -2 || parm->interval > 3)
224 est = kzalloc(sizeof(*est), GFP_KERNEL);
228 __gnet_stats_copy_basic(&b, cpu_bstats, bstats);
230 idx = parm->interval + 2;
231 est->bstats = bstats;
232 est->rate_est = rate_est;
233 est->stats_lock = stats_lock;
234 est->ewma_log = parm->ewma_log;
235 est->last_bytes = b.bytes;
236 est->avbps = rate_est->bps<<5;
237 est->last_packets = b.packets;
238 est->avpps = rate_est->pps<<10;
239 est->cpu_bstats = cpu_bstats;
241 spin_lock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
242 if (!elist[idx].timer.function) {
243 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&elist[idx].list);
244 setup_timer(&elist[idx].timer, est_timer, idx);
247 if (list_empty(&elist[idx].list))
248 mod_timer(&elist[idx].timer, jiffies + ((HZ/4) << idx));
250 list_add_rcu(&est->list, &elist[idx].list);
252 spin_unlock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
256 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_new_estimator);
259 * gen_kill_estimator - remove a rate estimator
260 * @bstats: basic statistics
261 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
263 * Removes the rate estimator specified by &bstats and &rate_est.
265 * Note : Caller should respect an RCU grace period before freeing stats_lock
267 void gen_kill_estimator(struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
268 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est)
270 struct gen_estimator *e;
272 spin_lock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
273 while ((e = gen_find_node(bstats, rate_est))) {
274 rb_erase(&e->node, &est_root);
276 write_lock(&est_lock);
278 write_unlock(&est_lock);
280 list_del_rcu(&e->list);
283 spin_unlock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
285 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_kill_estimator);
288 * gen_replace_estimator - replace rate estimator configuration
289 * @bstats: basic statistics
290 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
291 * @stats_lock: statistics lock
292 * @opt: rate estimator configuration TLV
294 * Replaces the configuration of a rate estimator by calling
295 * gen_kill_estimator() and gen_new_estimator().
297 * Returns 0 on success or a negative error code.
299 int gen_replace_estimator(struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
300 struct gnet_stats_basic_cpu __percpu *cpu_bstats,
301 struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est,
302 spinlock_t *stats_lock, struct nlattr *opt)
304 gen_kill_estimator(bstats, rate_est);
305 return gen_new_estimator(bstats, cpu_bstats, rate_est, stats_lock, opt);
307 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_replace_estimator);
310 * gen_estimator_active - test if estimator is currently in use
311 * @bstats: basic statistics
312 * @rate_est: rate estimator statistics
314 * Returns true if estimator is active, and false if not.
316 bool gen_estimator_active(const struct gnet_stats_basic_packed *bstats,
317 const struct gnet_stats_rate_est64 *rate_est)
323 spin_lock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
324 res = gen_find_node(bstats, rate_est) != NULL;
325 spin_unlock_bh(&est_tree_lock);
329 EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_estimator_active);