GNU Linux-libre 5.15.137-gnu
[releases.git] / kernel / kcsan / kcsan_test.c
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * KCSAN test with various race scenarious to test runtime behaviour. Since the
4  * interface with which KCSAN's reports are obtained is via the console, this is
5  * the output we should verify. For each test case checks the presence (or
6  * absence) of generated reports. Relies on 'console' tracepoint to capture
7  * reports as they appear in the kernel log.
8  *
9  * Makes use of KUnit for test organization, and the Torture framework for test
10  * thread control.
11  *
12  * Copyright (C) 2020, Google LLC.
13  * Author: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
14  */
15
16 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kcsan_test: " fmt
17
18 #include <kunit/test.h>
19 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
20 #include <linux/kcsan-checks.h>
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/sched.h>
23 #include <linux/seqlock.h>
24 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
25 #include <linux/string.h>
26 #include <linux/timer.h>
27 #include <linux/torture.h>
28 #include <linux/tracepoint.h>
29 #include <linux/types.h>
30 #include <trace/events/printk.h>
31
32 #ifdef CONFIG_CC_HAS_TSAN_COMPOUND_READ_BEFORE_WRITE
33 #define __KCSAN_ACCESS_RW(alt) (KCSAN_ACCESS_COMPOUND | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE)
34 #else
35 #define __KCSAN_ACCESS_RW(alt) (alt)
36 #endif
37
38 /* Points to current test-case memory access "kernels". */
39 static void (*access_kernels[2])(void);
40
41 static struct task_struct **threads; /* Lists of threads. */
42 static unsigned long end_time;       /* End time of test. */
43
44 /* Report as observed from console. */
45 static struct {
46         spinlock_t lock;
47         int nlines;
48         char lines[3][512];
49 } observed = {
50         .lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(observed.lock),
51 };
52
53 /* Setup test checking loop. */
54 static __no_kcsan inline void
55 begin_test_checks(void (*func1)(void), void (*func2)(void))
56 {
57         kcsan_disable_current();
58
59         /*
60          * Require at least as long as KCSAN_REPORT_ONCE_IN_MS, to ensure at
61          * least one race is reported.
62          */
63         end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(CONFIG_KCSAN_REPORT_ONCE_IN_MS + 500);
64
65         /* Signal start; release potential initialization of shared data. */
66         smp_store_release(&access_kernels[0], func1);
67         smp_store_release(&access_kernels[1], func2);
68 }
69
70 /* End test checking loop. */
71 static __no_kcsan inline bool
72 end_test_checks(bool stop)
73 {
74         if (!stop && time_before(jiffies, end_time)) {
75                 /* Continue checking */
76                 might_sleep();
77                 return false;
78         }
79
80         kcsan_enable_current();
81         return true;
82 }
83
84 /*
85  * Probe for console output: checks if a race was reported, and obtains observed
86  * lines of interest.
87  */
88 __no_kcsan
89 static void probe_console(void *ignore, const char *buf, size_t len)
90 {
91         unsigned long flags;
92         int nlines;
93
94         /*
95          * Note that KCSAN reports under a global lock, so we do not risk the
96          * possibility of having multiple reports interleaved. If that were the
97          * case, we'd expect tests to fail.
98          */
99
100         spin_lock_irqsave(&observed.lock, flags);
101         nlines = observed.nlines;
102
103         if (strnstr(buf, "BUG: KCSAN: ", len) && strnstr(buf, "test_", len)) {
104                 /*
105                  * KCSAN report and related to the test.
106                  *
107                  * The provided @buf is not NUL-terminated; copy no more than
108                  * @len bytes and let strscpy() add the missing NUL-terminator.
109                  */
110                 strscpy(observed.lines[0], buf, min(len + 1, sizeof(observed.lines[0])));
111                 nlines = 1;
112         } else if ((nlines == 1 || nlines == 2) && strnstr(buf, "bytes by", len)) {
113                 strscpy(observed.lines[nlines++], buf, min(len + 1, sizeof(observed.lines[0])));
114
115                 if (strnstr(buf, "race at unknown origin", len)) {
116                         if (WARN_ON(nlines != 2))
117                                 goto out;
118
119                         /* No second line of interest. */
120                         strcpy(observed.lines[nlines++], "<none>");
121                 }
122         }
123
124 out:
125         WRITE_ONCE(observed.nlines, nlines); /* Publish new nlines. */
126         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&observed.lock, flags);
127 }
128
129 /* Check if a report related to the test exists. */
130 __no_kcsan
131 static bool report_available(void)
132 {
133         return READ_ONCE(observed.nlines) == ARRAY_SIZE(observed.lines);
134 }
135
136 /* Report information we expect in a report. */
137 struct expect_report {
138         /* Access information of both accesses. */
139         struct {
140                 void *fn;    /* Function pointer to expected function of top frame. */
141                 void *addr;  /* Address of access; unchecked if NULL. */
142                 size_t size; /* Size of access; unchecked if @addr is NULL. */
143                 int type;    /* Access type, see KCSAN_ACCESS definitions. */
144         } access[2];
145 };
146
147 /* Check observed report matches information in @r. */
148 __no_kcsan
149 static bool report_matches(const struct expect_report *r)
150 {
151         const bool is_assert = (r->access[0].type | r->access[1].type) & KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT;
152         bool ret = false;
153         unsigned long flags;
154         typeof(*observed.lines) *expect;
155         const char *end;
156         char *cur;
157         int i;
158
159         /* Doubled-checked locking. */
160         if (!report_available())
161                 return false;
162
163         expect = kmalloc(sizeof(observed.lines), GFP_KERNEL);
164         if (WARN_ON(!expect))
165                 return false;
166
167         /* Generate expected report contents. */
168
169         /* Title */
170         cur = expect[0];
171         end = &expect[0][sizeof(expect[0]) - 1];
172         cur += scnprintf(cur, end - cur, "BUG: KCSAN: %s in ",
173                          is_assert ? "assert: race" : "data-race");
174         if (r->access[1].fn) {
175                 char tmp[2][64];
176                 int cmp;
177
178                 /* Expect lexographically sorted function names in title. */
179                 scnprintf(tmp[0], sizeof(tmp[0]), "%pS", r->access[0].fn);
180                 scnprintf(tmp[1], sizeof(tmp[1]), "%pS", r->access[1].fn);
181                 cmp = strcmp(tmp[0], tmp[1]);
182                 cur += scnprintf(cur, end - cur, "%ps / %ps",
183                                  cmp < 0 ? r->access[0].fn : r->access[1].fn,
184                                  cmp < 0 ? r->access[1].fn : r->access[0].fn);
185         } else {
186                 scnprintf(cur, end - cur, "%pS", r->access[0].fn);
187                 /* The exact offset won't match, remove it. */
188                 cur = strchr(expect[0], '+');
189                 if (cur)
190                         *cur = '\0';
191         }
192
193         /* Access 1 */
194         cur = expect[1];
195         end = &expect[1][sizeof(expect[1]) - 1];
196         if (!r->access[1].fn)
197                 cur += scnprintf(cur, end - cur, "race at unknown origin, with ");
198
199         /* Access 1 & 2 */
200         for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
201                 const int ty = r->access[i].type;
202                 const char *const access_type =
203                         (ty & KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT) ?
204                                       ((ty & KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE) ?
205                                                "assert no accesses" :
206                                                "assert no writes") :
207                                       ((ty & KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE) ?
208                                                ((ty & KCSAN_ACCESS_COMPOUND) ?
209                                                         "read-write" :
210                                                         "write") :
211                                                "read");
212                 const char *const access_type_aux =
213                         (ty & KCSAN_ACCESS_ATOMIC) ?
214                                       " (marked)" :
215                                       ((ty & KCSAN_ACCESS_SCOPED) ? " (scoped)" : "");
216
217                 if (i == 1) {
218                         /* Access 2 */
219                         cur = expect[2];
220                         end = &expect[2][sizeof(expect[2]) - 1];
221
222                         if (!r->access[1].fn) {
223                                 /* Dummy string if no second access is available. */
224                                 strcpy(cur, "<none>");
225                                 break;
226                         }
227                 }
228
229                 cur += scnprintf(cur, end - cur, "%s%s to ", access_type,
230                                  access_type_aux);
231
232                 if (r->access[i].addr) /* Address is optional. */
233                         cur += scnprintf(cur, end - cur, "0x%px of %zu bytes",
234                                          r->access[i].addr, r->access[i].size);
235         }
236
237         spin_lock_irqsave(&observed.lock, flags);
238         if (!report_available())
239                 goto out; /* A new report is being captured. */
240
241         /* Finally match expected output to what we actually observed. */
242         ret = strstr(observed.lines[0], expect[0]) &&
243               /* Access info may appear in any order. */
244               ((strstr(observed.lines[1], expect[1]) &&
245                 strstr(observed.lines[2], expect[2])) ||
246                (strstr(observed.lines[1], expect[2]) &&
247                 strstr(observed.lines[2], expect[1])));
248 out:
249         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&observed.lock, flags);
250         kfree(expect);
251         return ret;
252 }
253
254 /* ===== Test kernels ===== */
255
256 static long test_sink;
257 static long test_var;
258 /* @test_array should be large enough to fall into multiple watchpoint slots. */
259 static long test_array[3 * PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(long)];
260 static struct {
261         long val[8];
262 } test_struct;
263 static DEFINE_SEQLOCK(test_seqlock);
264
265 /*
266  * Helper to avoid compiler optimizing out reads, and to generate source values
267  * for writes.
268  */
269 __no_kcsan
270 static noinline void sink_value(long v) { WRITE_ONCE(test_sink, v); }
271
272 static noinline void test_kernel_read(void) { sink_value(test_var); }
273
274 static noinline void test_kernel_write(void)
275 {
276         test_var = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(test_sink) + 1;
277 }
278
279 static noinline void test_kernel_write_nochange(void) { test_var = 42; }
280
281 /* Suffixed by value-change exception filter. */
282 static noinline void test_kernel_write_nochange_rcu(void) { test_var = 42; }
283
284 static noinline void test_kernel_read_atomic(void)
285 {
286         sink_value(READ_ONCE(test_var));
287 }
288
289 static noinline void test_kernel_write_atomic(void)
290 {
291         WRITE_ONCE(test_var, READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(test_sink) + 1);
292 }
293
294 static noinline void test_kernel_atomic_rmw(void)
295 {
296         /* Use builtin, so we can set up the "bad" atomic/non-atomic scenario. */
297         __atomic_fetch_add(&test_var, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
298 }
299
300 __no_kcsan
301 static noinline void test_kernel_write_uninstrumented(void) { test_var++; }
302
303 static noinline void test_kernel_data_race(void) { data_race(test_var++); }
304
305 static noinline void test_kernel_assert_writer(void)
306 {
307         ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(test_var);
308 }
309
310 static noinline void test_kernel_assert_access(void)
311 {
312         ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS(test_var);
313 }
314
315 #define TEST_CHANGE_BITS 0xff00ff00
316
317 static noinline void test_kernel_change_bits(void)
318 {
319         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_IGNORE_ATOMICS)) {
320                 /*
321                  * Avoid race of unknown origin for this test, just pretend they
322                  * are atomic.
323                  */
324                 kcsan_nestable_atomic_begin();
325                 test_var ^= TEST_CHANGE_BITS;
326                 kcsan_nestable_atomic_end();
327         } else
328                 WRITE_ONCE(test_var, READ_ONCE(test_var) ^ TEST_CHANGE_BITS);
329 }
330
331 static noinline void test_kernel_assert_bits_change(void)
332 {
333         ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_BITS(test_var, TEST_CHANGE_BITS);
334 }
335
336 static noinline void test_kernel_assert_bits_nochange(void)
337 {
338         ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_BITS(test_var, ~TEST_CHANGE_BITS);
339 }
340
341 /* To check that scoped assertions do trigger anywhere in scope. */
342 static noinline void test_enter_scope(void)
343 {
344         int x = 0;
345
346         /* Unrelated accesses to scoped assert. */
347         READ_ONCE(test_sink);
348         kcsan_check_read(&x, sizeof(x));
349 }
350
351 static noinline void test_kernel_assert_writer_scoped(void)
352 {
353         ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER_SCOPED(test_var);
354         test_enter_scope();
355 }
356
357 static noinline void test_kernel_assert_access_scoped(void)
358 {
359         ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS_SCOPED(test_var);
360         test_enter_scope();
361 }
362
363 static noinline void test_kernel_rmw_array(void)
364 {
365         int i;
366
367         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test_array); ++i)
368                 test_array[i]++;
369 }
370
371 static noinline void test_kernel_write_struct(void)
372 {
373         kcsan_check_write(&test_struct, sizeof(test_struct));
374         kcsan_disable_current();
375         test_struct.val[3]++; /* induce value change */
376         kcsan_enable_current();
377 }
378
379 static noinline void test_kernel_write_struct_part(void)
380 {
381         test_struct.val[3] = 42;
382 }
383
384 static noinline void test_kernel_read_struct_zero_size(void)
385 {
386         kcsan_check_read(&test_struct.val[3], 0);
387 }
388
389 static noinline void test_kernel_jiffies_reader(void)
390 {
391         sink_value((long)jiffies);
392 }
393
394 static noinline void test_kernel_seqlock_reader(void)
395 {
396         unsigned int seq;
397
398         do {
399                 seq = read_seqbegin(&test_seqlock);
400                 sink_value(test_var);
401         } while (read_seqretry(&test_seqlock, seq));
402 }
403
404 static noinline void test_kernel_seqlock_writer(void)
405 {
406         unsigned long flags;
407
408         write_seqlock_irqsave(&test_seqlock, flags);
409         test_var++;
410         write_sequnlock_irqrestore(&test_seqlock, flags);
411 }
412
413 static noinline void test_kernel_atomic_builtins(void)
414 {
415         /*
416          * Generate concurrent accesses, expecting no reports, ensuring KCSAN
417          * treats builtin atomics as actually atomic.
418          */
419         __atomic_load_n(&test_var, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
420 }
421
422 static noinline void test_kernel_xor_1bit(void)
423 {
424         /* Do not report data races between the read-writes. */
425         kcsan_nestable_atomic_begin();
426         test_var ^= 0x10000;
427         kcsan_nestable_atomic_end();
428 }
429
430 /* ===== Test cases ===== */
431
432 /* Simple test with normal data race. */
433 __no_kcsan
434 static void test_basic(struct kunit *test)
435 {
436         const struct expect_report expect = {
437                 .access = {
438                         { test_kernel_write, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
439                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
440                 },
441         };
442         static const struct expect_report never = {
443                 .access = {
444                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
445                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
446                 },
447         };
448         bool match_expect = false;
449         bool match_never = false;
450
451         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write, test_kernel_read);
452         do {
453                 match_expect |= report_matches(&expect);
454                 match_never = report_matches(&never);
455         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
456         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
457         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
458 }
459
460 /*
461  * Stress KCSAN with lots of concurrent races on different addresses until
462  * timeout.
463  */
464 __no_kcsan
465 static void test_concurrent_races(struct kunit *test)
466 {
467         const struct expect_report expect = {
468                 .access = {
469                         /* NULL will match any address. */
470                         { test_kernel_rmw_array, NULL, 0, __KCSAN_ACCESS_RW(KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE) },
471                         { test_kernel_rmw_array, NULL, 0, __KCSAN_ACCESS_RW(0) },
472                 },
473         };
474         static const struct expect_report never = {
475                 .access = {
476                         { test_kernel_rmw_array, NULL, 0, 0 },
477                         { test_kernel_rmw_array, NULL, 0, 0 },
478                 },
479         };
480         bool match_expect = false;
481         bool match_never = false;
482
483         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_rmw_array, test_kernel_rmw_array);
484         do {
485                 match_expect |= report_matches(&expect);
486                 match_never |= report_matches(&never);
487         } while (!end_test_checks(false));
488         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect); /* Sanity check matches exist. */
489         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
490 }
491
492 /* Test the KCSAN_REPORT_VALUE_CHANGE_ONLY option. */
493 __no_kcsan
494 static void test_novalue_change(struct kunit *test)
495 {
496         const struct expect_report expect = {
497                 .access = {
498                         { test_kernel_write_nochange, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
499                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
500                 },
501         };
502         bool match_expect = false;
503
504         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write_nochange, test_kernel_read);
505         do {
506                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
507         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
508         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_REPORT_VALUE_CHANGE_ONLY))
509                 KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_expect);
510         else
511                 KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
512 }
513
514 /*
515  * Test that the rules where the KCSAN_REPORT_VALUE_CHANGE_ONLY option should
516  * never apply work.
517  */
518 __no_kcsan
519 static void test_novalue_change_exception(struct kunit *test)
520 {
521         const struct expect_report expect = {
522                 .access = {
523                         { test_kernel_write_nochange_rcu, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
524                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
525                 },
526         };
527         bool match_expect = false;
528
529         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write_nochange_rcu, test_kernel_read);
530         do {
531                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
532         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
533         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
534 }
535
536 /* Test that data races of unknown origin are reported. */
537 __no_kcsan
538 static void test_unknown_origin(struct kunit *test)
539 {
540         const struct expect_report expect = {
541                 .access = {
542                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
543                         { NULL },
544                 },
545         };
546         bool match_expect = false;
547
548         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write_uninstrumented, test_kernel_read);
549         do {
550                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
551         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
552         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_REPORT_RACE_UNKNOWN_ORIGIN))
553                 KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
554         else
555                 KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_expect);
556 }
557
558 /* Test KCSAN_ASSUME_PLAIN_WRITES_ATOMIC if it is selected. */
559 __no_kcsan
560 static void test_write_write_assume_atomic(struct kunit *test)
561 {
562         const struct expect_report expect = {
563                 .access = {
564                         { test_kernel_write, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
565                         { test_kernel_write, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
566                 },
567         };
568         bool match_expect = false;
569
570         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write, test_kernel_write);
571         do {
572                 sink_value(READ_ONCE(test_var)); /* induce value-change */
573                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
574         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
575         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_ASSUME_PLAIN_WRITES_ATOMIC))
576                 KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_expect);
577         else
578                 KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
579 }
580
581 /*
582  * Test that data races with writes larger than word-size are always reported,
583  * even if KCSAN_ASSUME_PLAIN_WRITES_ATOMIC is selected.
584  */
585 __no_kcsan
586 static void test_write_write_struct(struct kunit *test)
587 {
588         const struct expect_report expect = {
589                 .access = {
590                         { test_kernel_write_struct, &test_struct, sizeof(test_struct), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
591                         { test_kernel_write_struct, &test_struct, sizeof(test_struct), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
592                 },
593         };
594         bool match_expect = false;
595
596         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write_struct, test_kernel_write_struct);
597         do {
598                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
599         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
600         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
601 }
602
603 /*
604  * Test that data races where only one write is larger than word-size are always
605  * reported, even if KCSAN_ASSUME_PLAIN_WRITES_ATOMIC is selected.
606  */
607 __no_kcsan
608 static void test_write_write_struct_part(struct kunit *test)
609 {
610         const struct expect_report expect = {
611                 .access = {
612                         { test_kernel_write_struct, &test_struct, sizeof(test_struct), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
613                         { test_kernel_write_struct_part, &test_struct.val[3], sizeof(test_struct.val[3]), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
614                 },
615         };
616         bool match_expect = false;
617
618         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write_struct, test_kernel_write_struct_part);
619         do {
620                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
621         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
622         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
623 }
624
625 /* Test that races with atomic accesses never result in reports. */
626 __no_kcsan
627 static void test_read_atomic_write_atomic(struct kunit *test)
628 {
629         bool match_never = false;
630
631         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_read_atomic, test_kernel_write_atomic);
632         do {
633                 match_never = report_available();
634         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
635         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
636 }
637
638 /* Test that a race with an atomic and plain access result in reports. */
639 __no_kcsan
640 static void test_read_plain_atomic_write(struct kunit *test)
641 {
642         const struct expect_report expect = {
643                 .access = {
644                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
645                         { test_kernel_write_atomic, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE | KCSAN_ACCESS_ATOMIC },
646                 },
647         };
648         bool match_expect = false;
649
650         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_IGNORE_ATOMICS))
651                 return;
652
653         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_read, test_kernel_write_atomic);
654         do {
655                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
656         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
657         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
658 }
659
660 /* Test that atomic RMWs generate correct report. */
661 __no_kcsan
662 static void test_read_plain_atomic_rmw(struct kunit *test)
663 {
664         const struct expect_report expect = {
665                 .access = {
666                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
667                         { test_kernel_atomic_rmw, &test_var, sizeof(test_var),
668                                 KCSAN_ACCESS_COMPOUND | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE | KCSAN_ACCESS_ATOMIC },
669                 },
670         };
671         bool match_expect = false;
672
673         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_IGNORE_ATOMICS))
674                 return;
675
676         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_read, test_kernel_atomic_rmw);
677         do {
678                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
679         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
680         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
681 }
682
683 /* Zero-sized accesses should never cause data race reports. */
684 __no_kcsan
685 static void test_zero_size_access(struct kunit *test)
686 {
687         const struct expect_report expect = {
688                 .access = {
689                         { test_kernel_write_struct, &test_struct, sizeof(test_struct), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
690                         { test_kernel_write_struct, &test_struct, sizeof(test_struct), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
691                 },
692         };
693         const struct expect_report never = {
694                 .access = {
695                         { test_kernel_write_struct, &test_struct, sizeof(test_struct), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
696                         { test_kernel_read_struct_zero_size, &test_struct.val[3], 0, 0 },
697                 },
698         };
699         bool match_expect = false;
700         bool match_never = false;
701
702         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_write_struct, test_kernel_read_struct_zero_size);
703         do {
704                 match_expect |= report_matches(&expect);
705                 match_never = report_matches(&never);
706         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
707         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect); /* Sanity check. */
708         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
709 }
710
711 /* Test the data_race() macro. */
712 __no_kcsan
713 static void test_data_race(struct kunit *test)
714 {
715         bool match_never = false;
716
717         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_data_race, test_kernel_data_race);
718         do {
719                 match_never = report_available();
720         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
721         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
722 }
723
724 __no_kcsan
725 static void test_assert_exclusive_writer(struct kunit *test)
726 {
727         const struct expect_report expect = {
728                 .access = {
729                         { test_kernel_assert_writer, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT },
730                         { test_kernel_write_nochange, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
731                 },
732         };
733         bool match_expect = false;
734
735         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_writer, test_kernel_write_nochange);
736         do {
737                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
738         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
739         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
740 }
741
742 __no_kcsan
743 static void test_assert_exclusive_access(struct kunit *test)
744 {
745         const struct expect_report expect = {
746                 .access = {
747                         { test_kernel_assert_access, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
748                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
749                 },
750         };
751         bool match_expect = false;
752
753         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_access, test_kernel_read);
754         do {
755                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
756         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
757         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
758 }
759
760 __no_kcsan
761 static void test_assert_exclusive_access_writer(struct kunit *test)
762 {
763         const struct expect_report expect_access_writer = {
764                 .access = {
765                         { test_kernel_assert_access, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
766                         { test_kernel_assert_writer, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT },
767                 },
768         };
769         const struct expect_report expect_access_access = {
770                 .access = {
771                         { test_kernel_assert_access, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
772                         { test_kernel_assert_access, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
773                 },
774         };
775         const struct expect_report never = {
776                 .access = {
777                         { test_kernel_assert_writer, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT },
778                         { test_kernel_assert_writer, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT },
779                 },
780         };
781         bool match_expect_access_writer = false;
782         bool match_expect_access_access = false;
783         bool match_never = false;
784
785         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_access, test_kernel_assert_writer);
786         do {
787                 match_expect_access_writer |= report_matches(&expect_access_writer);
788                 match_expect_access_access |= report_matches(&expect_access_access);
789                 match_never |= report_matches(&never);
790         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
791         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect_access_writer);
792         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect_access_access);
793         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
794 }
795
796 __no_kcsan
797 static void test_assert_exclusive_bits_change(struct kunit *test)
798 {
799         const struct expect_report expect = {
800                 .access = {
801                         { test_kernel_assert_bits_change, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT },
802                         { test_kernel_change_bits, &test_var, sizeof(test_var),
803                                 KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE | (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_IGNORE_ATOMICS) ? 0 : KCSAN_ACCESS_ATOMIC) },
804                 },
805         };
806         bool match_expect = false;
807
808         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_bits_change, test_kernel_change_bits);
809         do {
810                 match_expect = report_matches(&expect);
811         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect));
812         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect);
813 }
814
815 __no_kcsan
816 static void test_assert_exclusive_bits_nochange(struct kunit *test)
817 {
818         bool match_never = false;
819
820         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_bits_nochange, test_kernel_change_bits);
821         do {
822                 match_never = report_available();
823         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
824         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
825 }
826
827 __no_kcsan
828 static void test_assert_exclusive_writer_scoped(struct kunit *test)
829 {
830         const struct expect_report expect_start = {
831                 .access = {
832                         { test_kernel_assert_writer_scoped, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_SCOPED },
833                         { test_kernel_write_nochange, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
834                 },
835         };
836         const struct expect_report expect_anywhere = {
837                 .access = {
838                         { test_enter_scope, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_SCOPED },
839                         { test_kernel_write_nochange, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE },
840                 },
841         };
842         bool match_expect_start = false;
843         bool match_expect_anywhere = false;
844
845         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_writer_scoped, test_kernel_write_nochange);
846         do {
847                 match_expect_start |= report_matches(&expect_start);
848                 match_expect_anywhere |= report_matches(&expect_anywhere);
849         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect_start && match_expect_anywhere));
850         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect_start);
851         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect_anywhere);
852 }
853
854 __no_kcsan
855 static void test_assert_exclusive_access_scoped(struct kunit *test)
856 {
857         const struct expect_report expect_start1 = {
858                 .access = {
859                         { test_kernel_assert_access_scoped, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE | KCSAN_ACCESS_SCOPED },
860                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
861                 },
862         };
863         const struct expect_report expect_start2 = {
864                 .access = { expect_start1.access[0], expect_start1.access[0] },
865         };
866         const struct expect_report expect_inscope = {
867                 .access = {
868                         { test_enter_scope, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), KCSAN_ACCESS_ASSERT | KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE | KCSAN_ACCESS_SCOPED },
869                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
870                 },
871         };
872         bool match_expect_start = false;
873         bool match_expect_inscope = false;
874
875         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_assert_access_scoped, test_kernel_read);
876         end_time += msecs_to_jiffies(1000); /* This test requires a bit more time. */
877         do {
878                 match_expect_start |= report_matches(&expect_start1) || report_matches(&expect_start2);
879                 match_expect_inscope |= report_matches(&expect_inscope);
880         } while (!end_test_checks(match_expect_start && match_expect_inscope));
881         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect_start);
882         KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match_expect_inscope);
883 }
884
885 /*
886  * jiffies is special (declared to be volatile) and its accesses are typically
887  * not marked; this test ensures that the compiler nor KCSAN gets confused about
888  * jiffies's declaration on different architectures.
889  */
890 __no_kcsan
891 static void test_jiffies_noreport(struct kunit *test)
892 {
893         bool match_never = false;
894
895         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_jiffies_reader, test_kernel_jiffies_reader);
896         do {
897                 match_never = report_available();
898         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
899         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
900 }
901
902 /* Test that racing accesses in seqlock critical sections are not reported. */
903 __no_kcsan
904 static void test_seqlock_noreport(struct kunit *test)
905 {
906         bool match_never = false;
907
908         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_seqlock_reader, test_kernel_seqlock_writer);
909         do {
910                 match_never = report_available();
911         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
912         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
913 }
914
915 /*
916  * Test atomic builtins work and required instrumentation functions exist. We
917  * also test that KCSAN understands they're atomic by racing with them via
918  * test_kernel_atomic_builtins(), and expect no reports.
919  *
920  * The atomic builtins _SHOULD NOT_ be used in normal kernel code!
921  */
922 static void test_atomic_builtins(struct kunit *test)
923 {
924         bool match_never = false;
925
926         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_atomic_builtins, test_kernel_atomic_builtins);
927         do {
928                 long tmp;
929
930                 kcsan_enable_current();
931
932                 __atomic_store_n(&test_var, 42L, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
933                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 42L, __atomic_load_n(&test_var, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
934
935                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 42L, __atomic_exchange_n(&test_var, 20, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
936                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 20L, test_var);
937
938                 tmp = 20L;
939                 KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, __atomic_compare_exchange_n(&test_var, &tmp, 30L,
940                                                                     0, __ATOMIC_RELAXED,
941                                                                     __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
942                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, tmp, 20L);
943                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, test_var, 30L);
944                 KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, __atomic_compare_exchange_n(&test_var, &tmp, 40L,
945                                                                      1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED,
946                                                                      __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
947                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, tmp, 30L);
948                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, test_var, 30L);
949
950                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 30L, __atomic_fetch_add(&test_var, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
951                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 31L, __atomic_fetch_sub(&test_var, 1, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
952                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 30L, __atomic_fetch_and(&test_var, 0xf, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
953                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 14L, __atomic_fetch_xor(&test_var, 0xf, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
954                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 1L, __atomic_fetch_or(&test_var, 0xf0, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
955                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 241L, __atomic_fetch_nand(&test_var, 0xf, __ATOMIC_RELAXED));
956                 KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, -2L, test_var);
957
958                 __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
959                 __atomic_signal_fence(__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
960
961                 kcsan_disable_current();
962
963                 match_never = report_available();
964         } while (!end_test_checks(match_never));
965         KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match_never);
966 }
967
968 __no_kcsan
969 static void test_1bit_value_change(struct kunit *test)
970 {
971         const struct expect_report expect = {
972                 .access = {
973                         { test_kernel_read, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), 0 },
974                         { test_kernel_xor_1bit, &test_var, sizeof(test_var), __KCSAN_ACCESS_RW(KCSAN_ACCESS_WRITE) },
975                 },
976         };
977         bool match = false;
978
979         begin_test_checks(test_kernel_read, test_kernel_xor_1bit);
980         do {
981                 match = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_PERMISSIVE)
982                                 ? report_available()
983                                 : report_matches(&expect);
984         } while (!end_test_checks(match));
985         if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_PERMISSIVE))
986                 KUNIT_EXPECT_FALSE(test, match);
987         else
988                 KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, match);
989 }
990
991 /*
992  * Generate thread counts for all test cases. Values generated are in interval
993  * [2, 5] followed by exponentially increasing thread counts from 8 to 32.
994  *
995  * The thread counts are chosen to cover potentially interesting boundaries and
996  * corner cases (2 to 5), and then stress the system with larger counts.
997  */
998 static const void *nthreads_gen_params(const void *prev, char *desc)
999 {
1000         long nthreads = (long)prev;
1001
1002         if (nthreads < 0 || nthreads >= 32)
1003                 nthreads = 0; /* stop */
1004         else if (!nthreads)
1005                 nthreads = 2; /* initial value */
1006         else if (nthreads < 5)
1007                 nthreads++;
1008         else if (nthreads == 5)
1009                 nthreads = 8;
1010         else
1011                 nthreads *= 2;
1012
1013         if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KCSAN_INTERRUPT_WATCHER)) {
1014                 /*
1015                  * Without any preemption, keep 2 CPUs free for other tasks, one
1016                  * of which is the main test case function checking for
1017                  * completion or failure.
1018                  */
1019                 const long min_unused_cpus = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE) ? 2 : 0;
1020                 const long min_required_cpus = 2 + min_unused_cpus;
1021
1022                 if (num_online_cpus() < min_required_cpus) {
1023                         pr_err_once("Too few online CPUs (%u < %ld) for test\n",
1024                                     num_online_cpus(), min_required_cpus);
1025                         nthreads = 0;
1026                 } else if (nthreads >= num_online_cpus() - min_unused_cpus) {
1027                         /* Use negative value to indicate last param. */
1028                         nthreads = -(num_online_cpus() - min_unused_cpus);
1029                         pr_warn_once("Limiting number of threads to %ld (only %d online CPUs)\n",
1030                                      -nthreads, num_online_cpus());
1031                 }
1032         }
1033
1034         snprintf(desc, KUNIT_PARAM_DESC_SIZE, "threads=%ld", abs(nthreads));
1035         return (void *)nthreads;
1036 }
1037
1038 #define KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_name) KUNIT_CASE_PARAM(test_name, nthreads_gen_params)
1039 static struct kunit_case kcsan_test_cases[] = {
1040         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_basic),
1041         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_concurrent_races),
1042         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_novalue_change),
1043         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_novalue_change_exception),
1044         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_unknown_origin),
1045         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_write_write_assume_atomic),
1046         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_write_write_struct),
1047         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_write_write_struct_part),
1048         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_read_atomic_write_atomic),
1049         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_read_plain_atomic_write),
1050         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_read_plain_atomic_rmw),
1051         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_zero_size_access),
1052         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_data_race),
1053         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_writer),
1054         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_access),
1055         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_access_writer),
1056         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_bits_change),
1057         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_bits_nochange),
1058         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_writer_scoped),
1059         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_assert_exclusive_access_scoped),
1060         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_jiffies_noreport),
1061         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_seqlock_noreport),
1062         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_atomic_builtins),
1063         KCSAN_KUNIT_CASE(test_1bit_value_change),
1064         {},
1065 };
1066
1067 /* ===== End test cases ===== */
1068
1069 /* Concurrent accesses from interrupts. */
1070 __no_kcsan
1071 static void access_thread_timer(struct timer_list *timer)
1072 {
1073         static atomic_t cnt = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
1074         unsigned int idx;
1075         void (*func)(void);
1076
1077         idx = (unsigned int)atomic_inc_return(&cnt) % ARRAY_SIZE(access_kernels);
1078         /* Acquire potential initialization. */
1079         func = smp_load_acquire(&access_kernels[idx]);
1080         if (func)
1081                 func();
1082 }
1083
1084 /* The main loop for each thread. */
1085 __no_kcsan
1086 static int access_thread(void *arg)
1087 {
1088         struct timer_list timer;
1089         unsigned int cnt = 0;
1090         unsigned int idx;
1091         void (*func)(void);
1092
1093         timer_setup_on_stack(&timer, access_thread_timer, 0);
1094         do {
1095                 might_sleep();
1096
1097                 if (!timer_pending(&timer))
1098                         mod_timer(&timer, jiffies + 1);
1099                 else {
1100                         /* Iterate through all kernels. */
1101                         idx = cnt++ % ARRAY_SIZE(access_kernels);
1102                         /* Acquire potential initialization. */
1103                         func = smp_load_acquire(&access_kernels[idx]);
1104                         if (func)
1105                                 func();
1106                 }
1107         } while (!torture_must_stop());
1108         del_timer_sync(&timer);
1109         destroy_timer_on_stack(&timer);
1110
1111         torture_kthread_stopping("access_thread");
1112         return 0;
1113 }
1114
1115 __no_kcsan
1116 static int test_init(struct kunit *test)
1117 {
1118         unsigned long flags;
1119         int nthreads;
1120         int i;
1121
1122         spin_lock_irqsave(&observed.lock, flags);
1123         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(observed.lines); ++i)
1124                 observed.lines[i][0] = '\0';
1125         observed.nlines = 0;
1126         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&observed.lock, flags);
1127
1128         if (!torture_init_begin((char *)test->name, 1))
1129                 return -EBUSY;
1130
1131         if (WARN_ON(threads))
1132                 goto err;
1133
1134         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(access_kernels); ++i) {
1135                 if (WARN_ON(access_kernels[i]))
1136                         goto err;
1137         }
1138
1139         nthreads = abs((long)test->param_value);
1140         if (WARN_ON(!nthreads))
1141                 goto err;
1142
1143         threads = kcalloc(nthreads + 1, sizeof(struct task_struct *), GFP_KERNEL);
1144         if (WARN_ON(!threads))
1145                 goto err;
1146
1147         threads[nthreads] = NULL;
1148         for (i = 0; i < nthreads; ++i) {
1149                 if (torture_create_kthread(access_thread, NULL, threads[i]))
1150                         goto err;
1151         }
1152
1153         torture_init_end();
1154
1155         return 0;
1156
1157 err:
1158         kfree(threads);
1159         threads = NULL;
1160         torture_init_end();
1161         return -EINVAL;
1162 }
1163
1164 __no_kcsan
1165 static void test_exit(struct kunit *test)
1166 {
1167         struct task_struct **stop_thread;
1168         int i;
1169
1170         if (torture_cleanup_begin())
1171                 return;
1172
1173         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(access_kernels); ++i)
1174                 WRITE_ONCE(access_kernels[i], NULL);
1175
1176         if (threads) {
1177                 for (stop_thread = threads; *stop_thread; stop_thread++)
1178                         torture_stop_kthread(reader_thread, *stop_thread);
1179
1180                 kfree(threads);
1181                 threads = NULL;
1182         }
1183
1184         torture_cleanup_end();
1185 }
1186
1187 static struct kunit_suite kcsan_test_suite = {
1188         .name = "kcsan",
1189         .test_cases = kcsan_test_cases,
1190         .init = test_init,
1191         .exit = test_exit,
1192 };
1193 static struct kunit_suite *kcsan_test_suites[] = { &kcsan_test_suite, NULL };
1194
1195 __no_kcsan
1196 static void register_tracepoints(struct tracepoint *tp, void *ignore)
1197 {
1198         check_trace_callback_type_console(probe_console);
1199         if (!strcmp(tp->name, "console"))
1200                 WARN_ON(tracepoint_probe_register(tp, probe_console, NULL));
1201 }
1202
1203 __no_kcsan
1204 static void unregister_tracepoints(struct tracepoint *tp, void *ignore)
1205 {
1206         if (!strcmp(tp->name, "console"))
1207                 tracepoint_probe_unregister(tp, probe_console, NULL);
1208 }
1209
1210 /*
1211  * We only want to do tracepoints setup and teardown once, therefore we have to
1212  * customize the init and exit functions and cannot rely on kunit_test_suite().
1213  */
1214 static int __init kcsan_test_init(void)
1215 {
1216         /*
1217          * Because we want to be able to build the test as a module, we need to
1218          * iterate through all known tracepoints, since the static registration
1219          * won't work here.
1220          */
1221         for_each_kernel_tracepoint(register_tracepoints, NULL);
1222         return __kunit_test_suites_init(kcsan_test_suites);
1223 }
1224
1225 static void kcsan_test_exit(void)
1226 {
1227         __kunit_test_suites_exit(kcsan_test_suites);
1228         for_each_kernel_tracepoint(unregister_tracepoints, NULL);
1229         tracepoint_synchronize_unregister();
1230 }
1231
1232 late_initcall(kcsan_test_init);
1233 module_exit(kcsan_test_exit);
1234
1235 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
1236 MODULE_AUTHOR("Marco Elver <elver@google.com>");