1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * proc/fs/generic.c --- generic routines for the proc-fs
5 * This file contains generic proc-fs routines for handling
6 * directories and files.
8 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds.
9 * Copyright (C) 1997 Theodore Ts'o
12 #include <linux/cache.h>
13 #include <linux/errno.h>
14 #include <linux/time.h>
15 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
16 #include <linux/stat.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/namei.h>
20 #include <linux/slab.h>
21 #include <linux/printk.h>
22 #include <linux/mount.h>
23 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/idr.h>
25 #include <linux/bitops.h>
26 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
27 #include <linux/completion.h>
28 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
29 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
33 static DEFINE_RWLOCK(proc_subdir_lock);
35 struct kmem_cache *proc_dir_entry_cache __ro_after_init;
37 void pde_free(struct proc_dir_entry *pde)
39 if (S_ISLNK(pde->mode))
41 if (pde->name != pde->inline_name)
43 kmem_cache_free(proc_dir_entry_cache, pde);
46 static int proc_match(const char *name, struct proc_dir_entry *de, unsigned int len)
48 if (len < de->namelen)
50 if (len > de->namelen)
53 return memcmp(name, de->name, len);
56 static struct proc_dir_entry *pde_subdir_first(struct proc_dir_entry *dir)
58 return rb_entry_safe(rb_first(&dir->subdir), struct proc_dir_entry,
62 static struct proc_dir_entry *pde_subdir_next(struct proc_dir_entry *dir)
64 return rb_entry_safe(rb_next(&dir->subdir_node), struct proc_dir_entry,
68 static struct proc_dir_entry *pde_subdir_find(struct proc_dir_entry *dir,
72 struct rb_node *node = dir->subdir.rb_node;
75 struct proc_dir_entry *de = rb_entry(node,
76 struct proc_dir_entry,
78 int result = proc_match(name, de, len);
83 node = node->rb_right;
90 static bool pde_subdir_insert(struct proc_dir_entry *dir,
91 struct proc_dir_entry *de)
93 struct rb_root *root = &dir->subdir;
94 struct rb_node **new = &root->rb_node, *parent = NULL;
96 /* Figure out where to put new node */
98 struct proc_dir_entry *this = rb_entry(*new,
99 struct proc_dir_entry,
101 int result = proc_match(de->name, this, de->namelen);
105 new = &(*new)->rb_left;
107 new = &(*new)->rb_right;
112 /* Add new node and rebalance tree. */
113 rb_link_node(&de->subdir_node, parent, new);
114 rb_insert_color(&de->subdir_node, root);
118 static int proc_notify_change(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *iattr)
120 struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
121 struct proc_dir_entry *de = PDE(inode);
124 error = setattr_prepare(dentry, iattr);
128 setattr_copy(inode, iattr);
129 mark_inode_dirty(inode);
131 proc_set_user(de, inode->i_uid, inode->i_gid);
132 de->mode = inode->i_mode;
136 static int proc_getattr(const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
137 u32 request_mask, unsigned int query_flags)
139 struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
140 struct proc_dir_entry *de = PDE(inode);
142 nlink_t nlink = READ_ONCE(de->nlink);
144 set_nlink(inode, nlink);
148 generic_fillattr(inode, stat);
152 static const struct inode_operations proc_file_inode_operations = {
153 .setattr = proc_notify_change,
157 * This function parses a name such as "tty/driver/serial", and
158 * returns the struct proc_dir_entry for "/proc/tty/driver", and
159 * returns "serial" in residual.
161 static int __xlate_proc_name(const char *name, struct proc_dir_entry **ret,
162 const char **residual)
164 const char *cp = name, *next;
165 struct proc_dir_entry *de;
173 next = strchr(cp, '/');
178 de = pde_subdir_find(de, cp, len);
180 WARN(1, "name '%s'\n", name);
190 static int xlate_proc_name(const char *name, struct proc_dir_entry **ret,
191 const char **residual)
195 read_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
196 rv = __xlate_proc_name(name, ret, residual);
197 read_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
201 static DEFINE_IDA(proc_inum_ida);
203 #define PROC_DYNAMIC_FIRST 0xF0000000U
206 * Return an inode number between PROC_DYNAMIC_FIRST and
207 * 0xffffffff, or zero on failure.
209 int proc_alloc_inum(unsigned int *inum)
213 i = ida_simple_get(&proc_inum_ida, 0, UINT_MAX - PROC_DYNAMIC_FIRST + 1,
218 *inum = PROC_DYNAMIC_FIRST + (unsigned int)i;
222 void proc_free_inum(unsigned int inum)
224 ida_simple_remove(&proc_inum_ida, inum - PROC_DYNAMIC_FIRST);
227 static int proc_misc_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
229 if (flags & LOOKUP_RCU)
232 if (atomic_read(&PDE(d_inode(dentry))->in_use) < 0)
233 return 0; /* revalidate */
237 static int proc_misc_d_delete(const struct dentry *dentry)
239 return atomic_read(&PDE(d_inode(dentry))->in_use) < 0;
242 static const struct dentry_operations proc_misc_dentry_ops = {
243 .d_revalidate = proc_misc_d_revalidate,
244 .d_delete = proc_misc_d_delete,
248 * Don't create negative dentries here, return -ENOENT by hand
251 struct dentry *proc_lookup_de(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
252 struct proc_dir_entry *de)
256 read_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
257 de = pde_subdir_find(de, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len);
260 read_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
261 inode = proc_get_inode(dir->i_sb, de);
263 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
264 d_set_d_op(dentry, de->proc_dops);
265 return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
267 read_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
268 return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
271 struct dentry *proc_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
274 return proc_lookup_de(dir, dentry, PDE(dir));
278 * This returns non-zero if at EOF, so that the /proc
279 * root directory can use this and check if it should
280 * continue with the <pid> entries..
282 * Note that the VFS-layer doesn't care about the return
283 * value of the readdir() call, as long as it's non-negative
286 int proc_readdir_de(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx,
287 struct proc_dir_entry *de)
291 if (!dir_emit_dots(file, ctx))
295 read_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
296 de = pde_subdir_first(de);
299 read_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
304 de = pde_subdir_next(de);
309 struct proc_dir_entry *next;
311 read_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
312 if (!dir_emit(ctx, de->name, de->namelen,
313 de->low_ino, de->mode >> 12)) {
318 read_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
319 next = pde_subdir_next(de);
323 read_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
327 int proc_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
329 struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
331 return proc_readdir_de(file, ctx, PDE(inode));
335 * These are the generic /proc directory operations. They
336 * use the in-memory "struct proc_dir_entry" tree to parse
337 * the /proc directory.
339 static const struct file_operations proc_dir_operations = {
340 .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
341 .read = generic_read_dir,
342 .iterate_shared = proc_readdir,
345 static int proc_net_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
350 const struct dentry_operations proc_net_dentry_ops = {
351 .d_revalidate = proc_net_d_revalidate,
352 .d_delete = always_delete_dentry,
356 * proc directories can do almost nothing..
358 static const struct inode_operations proc_dir_inode_operations = {
359 .lookup = proc_lookup,
360 .getattr = proc_getattr,
361 .setattr = proc_notify_change,
364 /* returns the registered entry, or frees dp and returns NULL on failure */
365 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_register(struct proc_dir_entry *dir,
366 struct proc_dir_entry *dp)
368 if (proc_alloc_inum(&dp->low_ino))
371 write_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
373 if (pde_subdir_insert(dir, dp) == false) {
374 WARN(1, "proc_dir_entry '%s/%s' already registered\n",
375 dir->name, dp->name);
376 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
380 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
384 proc_free_inum(dp->low_ino);
390 static struct proc_dir_entry *__proc_create(struct proc_dir_entry **parent,
395 struct proc_dir_entry *ent = NULL;
399 if (xlate_proc_name(name, parent, &fn) != 0)
402 qstr.len = strlen(fn);
403 if (qstr.len == 0 || qstr.len >= 256) {
404 WARN(1, "name len %u\n", qstr.len);
407 if (qstr.len == 1 && fn[0] == '.') {
408 WARN(1, "name '.'\n");
411 if (qstr.len == 2 && fn[0] == '.' && fn[1] == '.') {
412 WARN(1, "name '..'\n");
415 if (*parent == &proc_root && name_to_int(&qstr) != ~0U) {
416 WARN(1, "create '/proc/%s' by hand\n", qstr.name);
419 if (is_empty_pde(*parent)) {
420 WARN(1, "attempt to add to permanently empty directory");
424 ent = kmem_cache_zalloc(proc_dir_entry_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
428 if (qstr.len + 1 <= SIZEOF_PDE_INLINE_NAME) {
429 ent->name = ent->inline_name;
431 ent->name = kmalloc(qstr.len + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
438 memcpy(ent->name, fn, qstr.len + 1);
439 ent->namelen = qstr.len;
442 ent->subdir = RB_ROOT;
443 refcount_set(&ent->refcnt, 1);
444 spin_lock_init(&ent->pde_unload_lock);
445 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ent->pde_openers);
446 proc_set_user(ent, (*parent)->uid, (*parent)->gid);
448 ent->proc_dops = &proc_misc_dentry_ops;
449 /* Revalidate everything under /proc/${pid}/net */
450 if ((*parent)->proc_dops == &proc_net_dentry_ops)
451 pde_force_lookup(ent);
457 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_symlink(const char *name,
458 struct proc_dir_entry *parent, const char *dest)
460 struct proc_dir_entry *ent;
462 ent = __proc_create(&parent, name,
463 (S_IFLNK | S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO | S_IXUGO),1);
466 ent->data = kmalloc((ent->size=strlen(dest))+1, GFP_KERNEL);
468 strcpy((char*)ent->data,dest);
469 ent->proc_iops = &proc_link_inode_operations;
470 ent = proc_register(parent, ent);
478 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_symlink);
480 struct proc_dir_entry *_proc_mkdir(const char *name, umode_t mode,
481 struct proc_dir_entry *parent, void *data, bool force_lookup)
483 struct proc_dir_entry *ent;
486 mode = S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO;
488 ent = __proc_create(&parent, name, S_IFDIR | mode, 2);
491 ent->proc_fops = &proc_dir_operations;
492 ent->proc_iops = &proc_dir_inode_operations;
494 pde_force_lookup(ent);
496 ent = proc_register(parent, ent);
500 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(_proc_mkdir);
502 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_mkdir_data(const char *name, umode_t mode,
503 struct proc_dir_entry *parent, void *data)
505 return _proc_mkdir(name, mode, parent, data, false);
507 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(proc_mkdir_data);
509 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_mkdir_mode(const char *name, umode_t mode,
510 struct proc_dir_entry *parent)
512 return proc_mkdir_data(name, mode, parent, NULL);
514 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_mkdir_mode);
516 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_mkdir(const char *name,
517 struct proc_dir_entry *parent)
519 return proc_mkdir_data(name, 0, parent, NULL);
521 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_mkdir);
523 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create_mount_point(const char *name)
525 umode_t mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO;
526 struct proc_dir_entry *ent, *parent = NULL;
528 ent = __proc_create(&parent, name, mode, 2);
531 ent->proc_fops = NULL;
532 ent->proc_iops = NULL;
533 ent = proc_register(parent, ent);
537 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_create_mount_point);
539 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create_reg(const char *name, umode_t mode,
540 struct proc_dir_entry **parent, void *data)
542 struct proc_dir_entry *p;
544 if ((mode & S_IFMT) == 0)
546 if ((mode & S_IALLUGO) == 0)
548 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!S_ISREG(mode)))
551 p = __proc_create(parent, name, mode, 1);
553 p->proc_iops = &proc_file_inode_operations;
559 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create_data(const char *name, umode_t mode,
560 struct proc_dir_entry *parent,
561 const struct file_operations *proc_fops, void *data)
563 struct proc_dir_entry *p;
565 BUG_ON(proc_fops == NULL);
567 p = proc_create_reg(name, mode, &parent, data);
570 p->proc_fops = proc_fops;
571 return proc_register(parent, p);
573 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_create_data);
575 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create(const char *name, umode_t mode,
576 struct proc_dir_entry *parent,
577 const struct file_operations *proc_fops)
579 return proc_create_data(name, mode, parent, proc_fops, NULL);
581 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_create);
583 static int proc_seq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
585 struct proc_dir_entry *de = PDE(inode);
588 return seq_open_private(file, de->seq_ops, de->state_size);
589 return seq_open(file, de->seq_ops);
592 static int proc_seq_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
594 struct proc_dir_entry *de = PDE(inode);
597 return seq_release_private(inode, file);
598 return seq_release(inode, file);
601 static const struct file_operations proc_seq_fops = {
602 .open = proc_seq_open,
605 .release = proc_seq_release,
608 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create_seq_private(const char *name, umode_t mode,
609 struct proc_dir_entry *parent, const struct seq_operations *ops,
610 unsigned int state_size, void *data)
612 struct proc_dir_entry *p;
614 p = proc_create_reg(name, mode, &parent, data);
617 p->proc_fops = &proc_seq_fops;
619 p->state_size = state_size;
620 return proc_register(parent, p);
622 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_create_seq_private);
624 static int proc_single_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
626 struct proc_dir_entry *de = PDE(inode);
628 return single_open(file, de->single_show, de->data);
631 static const struct file_operations proc_single_fops = {
632 .open = proc_single_open,
635 .release = single_release,
638 struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create_single_data(const char *name, umode_t mode,
639 struct proc_dir_entry *parent,
640 int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *), void *data)
642 struct proc_dir_entry *p;
644 p = proc_create_reg(name, mode, &parent, data);
647 p->proc_fops = &proc_single_fops;
648 p->single_show = show;
649 return proc_register(parent, p);
651 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_create_single_data);
653 void proc_set_size(struct proc_dir_entry *de, loff_t size)
657 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_set_size);
659 void proc_set_user(struct proc_dir_entry *de, kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid)
664 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_set_user);
666 void pde_put(struct proc_dir_entry *pde)
668 if (refcount_dec_and_test(&pde->refcnt)) {
669 proc_free_inum(pde->low_ino);
675 * Remove a /proc entry and free it if it's not currently in use.
677 void remove_proc_entry(const char *name, struct proc_dir_entry *parent)
679 struct proc_dir_entry *de = NULL;
680 const char *fn = name;
683 write_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
684 if (__xlate_proc_name(name, &parent, &fn) != 0) {
685 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
690 de = pde_subdir_find(parent, fn, len);
692 rb_erase(&de->subdir_node, &parent->subdir);
693 if (S_ISDIR(de->mode)) {
697 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
699 WARN(1, "name '%s'\n", name);
703 proc_entry_rundown(de);
705 WARN(pde_subdir_first(de),
706 "%s: removing non-empty directory '%s/%s', leaking at least '%s'\n",
707 __func__, de->parent->name, de->name, pde_subdir_first(de)->name);
710 EXPORT_SYMBOL(remove_proc_entry);
712 int remove_proc_subtree(const char *name, struct proc_dir_entry *parent)
714 struct proc_dir_entry *root = NULL, *de, *next;
715 const char *fn = name;
718 write_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
719 if (__xlate_proc_name(name, &parent, &fn) != 0) {
720 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
725 root = pde_subdir_find(parent, fn, len);
727 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
730 rb_erase(&root->subdir_node, &parent->subdir);
734 next = pde_subdir_first(de);
736 rb_erase(&next->subdir_node, &de->subdir);
741 if (S_ISDIR(de->mode))
743 write_unlock(&proc_subdir_lock);
745 proc_entry_rundown(de);
750 write_lock(&proc_subdir_lock);
756 EXPORT_SYMBOL(remove_proc_subtree);
758 void *proc_get_parent_data(const struct inode *inode)
760 struct proc_dir_entry *de = PDE(inode);
761 return de->parent->data;
763 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(proc_get_parent_data);
765 void proc_remove(struct proc_dir_entry *de)
768 remove_proc_subtree(de->name, de->parent);
770 EXPORT_SYMBOL(proc_remove);
772 void *PDE_DATA(const struct inode *inode)
774 return __PDE_DATA(inode);
776 EXPORT_SYMBOL(PDE_DATA);
779 * Pull a user buffer into memory and pass it to the file's write handler if
780 * one is supplied. The ->write() method is permitted to modify the
781 * kernel-side buffer.
783 ssize_t proc_simple_write(struct file *f, const char __user *ubuf, size_t size,
786 struct proc_dir_entry *pde = PDE(file_inode(f));
792 if (size == 0 || size > PAGE_SIZE - 1)
794 buf = memdup_user_nul(ubuf, size);
797 ret = pde->write(f, buf, size);
799 return ret == 0 ? size : ret;