2 * chaoskey - driver for ChaosKey device from Altus Metrum.
4 * This device provides true random numbers using a noise source based
5 * on a reverse-biased p-n junction in avalanche breakdown. More
6 * details can be found at http://chaoskey.org
8 * The driver connects to the kernel hardware RNG interface to provide
9 * entropy for /dev/random and other kernel activities. It also offers
10 * a separate /dev/ entry to allow for direct access to the random
13 * Copyright © 2015 Keith Packard <keithp@keithp.com>
15 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
16 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
17 * the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
19 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
20 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
21 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
22 * General Public License for more details.
25 #include <linux/module.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/usb.h>
28 #include <linux/wait.h>
29 #include <linux/hw_random.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 static struct usb_driver chaoskey_driver;
34 static struct usb_class_driver chaoskey_class;
35 static int chaoskey_rng_read(struct hwrng *rng, void *data,
36 size_t max, bool wait);
38 #define usb_dbg(usb_if, format, arg...) \
39 dev_dbg(&(usb_if)->dev, format, ## arg)
41 #define usb_err(usb_if, format, arg...) \
42 dev_err(&(usb_if)->dev, format, ## arg)
44 /* Version Information */
45 #define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Keith Packard, keithp@keithp.com"
46 #define DRIVER_DESC "Altus Metrum ChaosKey driver"
47 #define DRIVER_SHORT "chaoskey"
49 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
50 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
51 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
53 #define CHAOSKEY_VENDOR_ID 0x1d50 /* OpenMoko */
54 #define CHAOSKEY_PRODUCT_ID 0x60c6 /* ChaosKey */
56 #define ALEA_VENDOR_ID 0x12d8 /* Araneus */
57 #define ALEA_PRODUCT_ID 0x0001 /* Alea I */
59 #define CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN 64 /* max size of USB full speed packet */
61 #define NAK_TIMEOUT (HZ) /* normal stall/wait timeout */
62 #define ALEA_FIRST_TIMEOUT (HZ*3) /* first stall/wait timeout for Alea */
64 #ifdef CONFIG_USB_DYNAMIC_MINORS
65 #define USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE 0
68 /* IOWARRIOR_MINOR_BASE + 16, not official yet */
69 #define USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE 224
72 static const struct usb_device_id chaoskey_table[] = {
73 { USB_DEVICE(CHAOSKEY_VENDOR_ID, CHAOSKEY_PRODUCT_ID) },
74 { USB_DEVICE(ALEA_VENDOR_ID, ALEA_PRODUCT_ID) },
77 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, chaoskey_table);
79 static void chaos_read_callback(struct urb *urb);
81 /* Driver-local specific stuff */
83 struct usb_interface *interface;
86 struct mutex rng_lock;
87 int open; /* open count */
88 bool present; /* device not disconnected */
89 bool reading; /* ongoing IO */
90 bool reads_started; /* track first read for Alea */
91 int size; /* size of buf */
92 int valid; /* bytes of buf read */
93 int used; /* bytes of buf consumed */
94 char *name; /* product + serial */
95 struct hwrng hwrng; /* Embedded struct for hwrng */
96 int hwrng_registered; /* registered with hwrng API */
97 wait_queue_head_t wait_q; /* for timeouts */
98 struct urb *urb; /* for performing IO */
102 static void chaoskey_free(struct chaoskey *dev)
105 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "free");
106 usb_free_urb(dev->urb);
109 usb_put_intf(dev->interface);
114 static int chaoskey_probe(struct usb_interface *interface,
115 const struct usb_device_id *id)
117 struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(interface);
118 struct usb_host_interface *altsetting = interface->cur_altsetting;
119 struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
121 struct chaoskey *dev;
122 int result = -ENOMEM;
126 usb_dbg(interface, "probe %s-%s", udev->product, udev->serial);
128 /* Find the first bulk IN endpoint and its packet size */
129 res = usb_find_bulk_in_endpoint(altsetting, &epd);
131 usb_dbg(interface, "no IN endpoint found");
135 in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
136 size = usb_endpoint_maxp(epd);
138 /* Validate endpoint and size */
140 usb_dbg(interface, "invalid size (%d)", size);
144 if (size > CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN) {
145 usb_dbg(interface, "size reduced from %d to %d\n",
146 size, CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN);
147 size = CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN;
150 /* Looks good, allocate and initialize */
152 dev = kzalloc(sizeof(struct chaoskey), GFP_KERNEL);
157 dev->interface = usb_get_intf(interface);
159 dev->buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
161 if (dev->buf == NULL)
164 dev->urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
169 usb_fill_bulk_urb(dev->urb,
171 usb_rcvbulkpipe(udev, in_ep),
177 /* Construct a name using the product and serial values. Each
178 * device needs a unique name for the hwrng code
181 if (udev->product && udev->serial) {
182 dev->name = kmalloc(strlen(udev->product) + 1 +
183 strlen(udev->serial) + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
184 if (dev->name == NULL)
187 strcpy(dev->name, udev->product);
188 strcat(dev->name, "-");
189 strcat(dev->name, udev->serial);
194 if (le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor) != ALEA_VENDOR_ID)
195 dev->reads_started = 1;
200 init_waitqueue_head(&dev->wait_q);
202 mutex_init(&dev->lock);
203 mutex_init(&dev->rng_lock);
205 usb_set_intfdata(interface, dev);
207 result = usb_register_dev(interface, &chaoskey_class);
209 usb_err(interface, "Unable to allocate minor number.");
213 dev->hwrng.name = dev->name ? dev->name : chaoskey_driver.name;
214 dev->hwrng.read = chaoskey_rng_read;
215 dev->hwrng.quality = 1024;
217 dev->hwrng_registered = (hwrng_register(&dev->hwrng) == 0);
218 if (!dev->hwrng_registered)
219 usb_err(interface, "Unable to register with hwrng");
221 usb_enable_autosuspend(udev);
223 usb_dbg(interface, "chaoskey probe success, size %d", dev->size);
227 usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
232 static void chaoskey_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)
234 struct chaoskey *dev;
236 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect");
237 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
239 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect failed - no dev");
243 if (dev->hwrng_registered)
244 hwrng_unregister(&dev->hwrng);
246 usb_deregister_dev(interface, &chaoskey_class);
248 usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
249 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
252 usb_poison_urb(dev->urb);
255 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
258 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
260 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect done");
263 static int chaoskey_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
265 struct chaoskey *dev;
266 struct usb_interface *interface;
268 /* get the interface from minor number and driver information */
269 interface = usb_find_interface(&chaoskey_driver, iminor(inode));
273 usb_dbg(interface, "open");
275 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
277 usb_dbg(interface, "open (dev)");
281 file->private_data = dev;
282 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
284 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
286 usb_dbg(interface, "open success");
290 static int chaoskey_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
292 struct chaoskey *dev = file->private_data;
293 struct usb_interface *interface;
298 interface = dev->interface;
300 usb_dbg(interface, "release");
302 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
304 usb_dbg(interface, "open count at release is %d", dev->open);
306 if (dev->open <= 0) {
307 usb_dbg(interface, "invalid open count (%d)", dev->open);
308 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
315 if (dev->open == 0) {
316 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
319 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
321 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
323 usb_dbg(interface, "release success");
327 static void chaos_read_callback(struct urb *urb)
329 struct chaoskey *dev = urb->context;
330 int status = urb->status;
332 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "callback status (%d)", status);
335 dev->valid = urb->actual_length;
341 /* must be seen first before validity is announced */
344 dev->reading = false;
345 wake_up(&dev->wait_q);
348 /* Fill the buffer. Called with dev->lock held
350 static int _chaoskey_fill(struct chaoskey *dev)
356 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "fill");
358 /* Return immediately if someone called before the buffer was
360 if (dev->valid != dev->used) {
361 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "not empty yet (valid %d used %d)",
362 dev->valid, dev->used);
366 /* Bail if the device has been removed */
368 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "device not present");
372 /* Make sure the device is awake */
373 result = usb_autopm_get_interface(dev->interface);
375 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "wakeup failed (result %d)", result);
380 result = usb_submit_urb(dev->urb, GFP_KERNEL);
382 result = usb_translate_errors(result);
383 dev->reading = false;
387 /* The first read on the Alea takes a little under 2 seconds.
388 * Reads after the first read take only a few microseconds
389 * though. Presumably the entropy-generating circuit needs
390 * time to ramp up. So, we wait longer on the first read.
392 started = dev->reads_started;
393 dev->reads_started = true;
394 result = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(
397 (started ? NAK_TIMEOUT : ALEA_FIRST_TIMEOUT) );
400 usb_kill_urb(dev->urb);
406 usb_kill_urb(dev->urb);
411 /* Let the device go back to sleep eventually */
412 usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->interface);
414 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %d bytes", dev->valid);
419 static ssize_t chaoskey_read(struct file *file,
424 struct chaoskey *dev;
425 ssize_t read_count = 0;
428 unsigned long remain;
430 dev = file->private_data;
432 if (dev == NULL || !dev->present)
435 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %zu", count);
439 /* Grab the rng_lock briefly to ensure that the hwrng interface
440 * gets priority over other user access
442 result = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->rng_lock);
445 mutex_unlock(&dev->rng_lock);
447 result = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->lock);
450 if (dev->valid == dev->used) {
451 result = _chaoskey_fill(dev);
453 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
458 this_time = dev->valid - dev->used;
459 if (this_time > count)
462 remain = copy_to_user(buffer, dev->buf + dev->used, this_time);
466 /* Consume the bytes that were copied so we don't leak
469 dev->used += this_time - remain;
470 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
475 read_count += this_time;
477 dev->used += this_time;
478 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
482 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %zu bytes", read_count);
485 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "empty read, result %d", result);
486 if (result == -ETIMEDOUT)
491 static int chaoskey_rng_read(struct hwrng *rng, void *data,
492 size_t max, bool wait)
494 struct chaoskey *dev = container_of(rng, struct chaoskey, hwrng);
497 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "rng_read max %zu wait %d", max, wait);
500 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "device not present");
504 /* Hold the rng_lock until we acquire the device lock so that
505 * this operation gets priority over other user access to the
508 mutex_lock(&dev->rng_lock);
510 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
512 mutex_unlock(&dev->rng_lock);
514 /* Try to fill the buffer if empty. It doesn't actually matter
515 * if _chaoskey_fill works; we'll just return zero bytes as
516 * the buffer will still be empty
518 if (dev->valid == dev->used)
519 (void) _chaoskey_fill(dev);
521 this_time = dev->valid - dev->used;
525 memcpy(data, dev->buf + dev->used, this_time);
527 dev->used += this_time;
529 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
531 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "rng_read this_time %d\n", this_time);
536 static int chaoskey_suspend(struct usb_interface *interface,
537 pm_message_t message)
539 usb_dbg(interface, "suspend");
543 static int chaoskey_resume(struct usb_interface *interface)
545 struct chaoskey *dev;
546 struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(interface);
548 usb_dbg(interface, "resume");
549 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
552 * We may have lost power.
553 * In that case the device that needs a long time
554 * for the first requests needs an extended timeout
557 if (le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor) == ALEA_VENDOR_ID)
558 dev->reads_started = false;
563 #define chaoskey_suspend NULL
564 #define chaoskey_resume NULL
567 /* file operation pointers */
568 static const struct file_operations chaoskey_fops = {
569 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
570 .read = chaoskey_read,
571 .open = chaoskey_open,
572 .release = chaoskey_release,
573 .llseek = default_llseek,
576 /* class driver information */
577 static struct usb_class_driver chaoskey_class = {
578 .name = "chaoskey%d",
579 .fops = &chaoskey_fops,
580 .minor_base = USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE,
583 /* usb specific object needed to register this driver with the usb subsystem */
584 static struct usb_driver chaoskey_driver = {
585 .name = DRIVER_SHORT,
586 .probe = chaoskey_probe,
587 .disconnect = chaoskey_disconnect,
588 .suspend = chaoskey_suspend,
589 .resume = chaoskey_resume,
590 .reset_resume = chaoskey_resume,
591 .id_table = chaoskey_table,
592 .supports_autosuspend = 1,
595 module_usb_driver(chaoskey_driver);