2 * Tty buffer allocation management
5 #include <linux/types.h>
6 #include <linux/errno.h>
8 #include <linux/tty_driver.h>
9 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
10 #include <linux/timer.h>
11 #include <linux/string.h>
12 #include <linux/slab.h>
13 #include <linux/sched.h>
14 #include <linux/wait.h>
15 #include <linux/bitops.h>
16 #include <linux/delay.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
21 #define MIN_TTYB_SIZE 256
22 #define TTYB_ALIGN_MASK 255
25 * Byte threshold to limit memory consumption for flip buffers.
26 * The actual memory limit is > 2x this amount.
28 #define TTYB_DEFAULT_MEM_LIMIT (640 * 1024UL)
31 * We default to dicing tty buffer allocations to this many characters
32 * in order to avoid multiple page allocations. We know the size of
33 * tty_buffer itself but it must also be taken into account that the
34 * the buffer is 256 byte aligned. See tty_buffer_find for the allocation
35 * logic this must match
38 #define TTY_BUFFER_PAGE (((PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct tty_buffer)) / 2) & ~0xFF)
41 * tty_buffer_lock_exclusive - gain exclusive access to buffer
42 * tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive - release exclusive access
44 * @port - tty_port owning the flip buffer
46 * Guarantees safe use of the line discipline's receive_buf() method by
47 * excluding the buffer work and any pending flush from using the flip
48 * buffer. Data can continue to be added concurrently to the flip buffer
49 * from the driver side.
51 * On release, the buffer work is restarted if there is data in the
55 void tty_buffer_lock_exclusive(struct tty_port *port)
57 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
59 atomic_inc(&buf->priority);
60 mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
62 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_lock_exclusive);
64 void tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive(struct tty_port *port)
66 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
69 restart = buf->head->commit != buf->head->read;
71 atomic_dec(&buf->priority);
72 mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
74 queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &buf->work);
76 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive);
79 * tty_buffer_space_avail - return unused buffer space
80 * @port - tty_port owning the flip buffer
82 * Returns the # of bytes which can be written by the driver without
83 * reaching the buffer limit.
85 * Note: this does not guarantee that memory is available to write
86 * the returned # of bytes (use tty_prepare_flip_string_xxx() to
87 * pre-allocate if memory guarantee is required).
90 int tty_buffer_space_avail(struct tty_port *port)
92 int space = port->buf.mem_limit - atomic_read(&port->buf.mem_used);
95 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_space_avail);
97 static void tty_buffer_reset(struct tty_buffer *p, size_t size)
108 * tty_buffer_free_all - free buffers used by a tty
109 * @tty: tty to free from
111 * Remove all the buffers pending on a tty whether queued with data
112 * or in the free ring. Must be called when the tty is no longer in use
115 void tty_buffer_free_all(struct tty_port *port)
117 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
118 struct tty_buffer *p, *next;
119 struct llist_node *llist;
121 while ((p = buf->head) != NULL) {
126 llist = llist_del_all(&buf->free);
127 llist_for_each_entry_safe(p, next, llist, free)
130 tty_buffer_reset(&buf->sentinel, 0);
131 buf->head = &buf->sentinel;
132 buf->tail = &buf->sentinel;
134 atomic_set(&buf->mem_used, 0);
138 * tty_buffer_alloc - allocate a tty buffer
140 * @size: desired size (characters)
142 * Allocate a new tty buffer to hold the desired number of characters.
143 * We round our buffers off in 256 character chunks to get better
144 * allocation behaviour.
145 * Return NULL if out of memory or the allocation would exceed the
149 static struct tty_buffer *tty_buffer_alloc(struct tty_port *port, size_t size)
151 struct llist_node *free;
152 struct tty_buffer *p;
154 /* Round the buffer size out */
155 size = __ALIGN_MASK(size, TTYB_ALIGN_MASK);
157 if (size <= MIN_TTYB_SIZE) {
158 free = llist_del_first(&port->buf.free);
160 p = llist_entry(free, struct tty_buffer, free);
165 /* Should possibly check if this fails for the largest buffer we
166 have queued and recycle that ? */
167 if (atomic_read(&port->buf.mem_used) > port->buf.mem_limit)
169 p = kmalloc(sizeof(struct tty_buffer) + 2 * size, GFP_ATOMIC);
174 tty_buffer_reset(p, size);
175 atomic_add(size, &port->buf.mem_used);
180 * tty_buffer_free - free a tty buffer
181 * @tty: tty owning the buffer
182 * @b: the buffer to free
184 * Free a tty buffer, or add it to the free list according to our
188 static void tty_buffer_free(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *b)
190 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
192 /* Dumb strategy for now - should keep some stats */
193 WARN_ON(atomic_sub_return(b->size, &buf->mem_used) < 0);
195 if (b->size > MIN_TTYB_SIZE)
197 else if (b->size > 0)
198 llist_add(&b->free, &buf->free);
202 * tty_buffer_flush - flush full tty buffers
204 * @ld: optional ldisc ptr (must be referenced)
206 * flush all the buffers containing receive data. If ld != NULL,
207 * flush the ldisc input buffer.
209 * Locking: takes buffer lock to ensure single-threaded flip buffer
213 void tty_buffer_flush(struct tty_struct *tty, struct tty_ldisc *ld)
215 struct tty_port *port = tty->port;
216 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
217 struct tty_buffer *next;
219 atomic_inc(&buf->priority);
221 mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
222 /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room; ensures there are
223 * no pending memory accesses to the freed buffer
225 while ((next = smp_load_acquire(&buf->head->next)) != NULL) {
226 tty_buffer_free(port, buf->head);
229 buf->head->read = buf->head->commit;
231 if (ld && ld->ops->flush_buffer)
232 ld->ops->flush_buffer(tty);
234 atomic_dec(&buf->priority);
235 mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
239 * tty_buffer_request_room - grow tty buffer if needed
240 * @tty: tty structure
241 * @size: size desired
242 * @flags: buffer flags if new buffer allocated (default = 0)
244 * Make at least size bytes of linear space available for the tty
245 * buffer. If we fail return the size we managed to find.
247 * Will change over to a new buffer if the current buffer is encoded as
248 * TTY_NORMAL (so has no flags buffer) and the new buffer requires
251 static int __tty_buffer_request_room(struct tty_port *port, size_t size,
254 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
255 struct tty_buffer *b, *n;
259 if (b->flags & TTYB_NORMAL)
260 left = 2 * b->size - b->used;
262 left = b->size - b->used;
264 change = (b->flags & TTYB_NORMAL) && (~flags & TTYB_NORMAL);
265 if (change || left < size) {
266 /* This is the slow path - looking for new buffers to use */
267 n = tty_buffer_alloc(port, size);
271 /* paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc(); ensures
272 * flush_to_ldisc() sees buffer data.
274 smp_store_release(&b->commit, b->used);
275 /* paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc(); ensures the
276 * latest commit value can be read before the head is
277 * advanced to the next buffer
279 smp_store_release(&b->next, n);
288 int tty_buffer_request_room(struct tty_port *port, size_t size)
290 return __tty_buffer_request_room(port, size, 0);
292 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_request_room);
295 * tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag - Add characters to the tty buffer
298 * @flag: flag value for each character
301 * Queue a series of bytes to the tty buffering. All the characters
302 * passed are marked with the supplied flag. Returns the number added.
305 int tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag(struct tty_port *port,
306 const unsigned char *chars, char flag, size_t size)
310 int goal = min_t(size_t, size - copied, TTY_BUFFER_PAGE);
311 int flags = (flag == TTY_NORMAL) ? TTYB_NORMAL : 0;
312 int space = __tty_buffer_request_room(port, goal, flags);
313 struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;
314 if (unlikely(space == 0))
316 memcpy(char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), chars, space);
317 if (~tb->flags & TTYB_NORMAL)
318 memset(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), flag, space);
322 /* There is a small chance that we need to split the data over
323 several buffers. If this is the case we must loop */
324 } while (unlikely(size > copied));
327 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag);
330 * tty_insert_flip_string_flags - Add characters to the tty buffer
336 * Queue a series of bytes to the tty buffering. For each character
337 * the flags array indicates the status of the character. Returns the
341 int tty_insert_flip_string_flags(struct tty_port *port,
342 const unsigned char *chars, const char *flags, size_t size)
346 int goal = min_t(size_t, size - copied, TTY_BUFFER_PAGE);
347 int space = tty_buffer_request_room(port, goal);
348 struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;
349 if (unlikely(space == 0))
351 memcpy(char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), chars, space);
352 memcpy(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), flags, space);
357 /* There is a small chance that we need to split the data over
358 several buffers. If this is the case we must loop */
359 } while (unlikely(size > copied));
362 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tty_insert_flip_string_flags);
365 * __tty_insert_flip_char - Add one character to the tty buffer
370 * Queue a single byte to the tty buffering, with an optional flag.
371 * This is the slow path of tty_insert_flip_char.
373 int __tty_insert_flip_char(struct tty_port *port, unsigned char ch, char flag)
375 struct tty_buffer *tb;
376 int flags = (flag == TTY_NORMAL) ? TTYB_NORMAL : 0;
378 if (!__tty_buffer_request_room(port, 1, flags))
382 if (~tb->flags & TTYB_NORMAL)
383 *flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used) = flag;
384 *char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used++) = ch;
388 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tty_insert_flip_char);
391 * tty_schedule_flip - push characters to ldisc
392 * @port: tty port to push from
394 * Takes any pending buffers and transfers their ownership to the
395 * ldisc side of the queue. It then schedules those characters for
396 * processing by the line discipline.
399 void tty_schedule_flip(struct tty_port *port)
401 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
403 /* paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc(); ensures
404 * flush_to_ldisc() sees buffer data.
406 smp_store_release(&buf->tail->commit, buf->tail->used);
407 queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &buf->work);
409 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tty_schedule_flip);
412 * tty_prepare_flip_string - make room for characters
414 * @chars: return pointer for character write area
415 * @size: desired size
417 * Prepare a block of space in the buffer for data. Returns the length
418 * available and buffer pointer to the space which is now allocated and
419 * accounted for as ready for normal characters. This is used for drivers
420 * that need their own block copy routines into the buffer. There is no
421 * guarantee the buffer is a DMA target!
424 int tty_prepare_flip_string(struct tty_port *port, unsigned char **chars,
427 int space = __tty_buffer_request_room(port, size, TTYB_NORMAL);
429 struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;
430 *chars = char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used);
431 if (~tb->flags & TTYB_NORMAL)
432 memset(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), TTY_NORMAL, space);
437 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_prepare_flip_string);
440 * tty_ldisc_receive_buf - forward data to line discipline
441 * @ld: line discipline to process input
443 * @f: TTY_* flags buffer
444 * @count: number of bytes to process
446 * Callers other than flush_to_ldisc() need to exclude the kworker
447 * from concurrent use of the line discipline, see paste_selection().
449 * Returns the number of bytes processed
451 int tty_ldisc_receive_buf(struct tty_ldisc *ld, unsigned char *p,
454 if (ld->ops->receive_buf2)
455 count = ld->ops->receive_buf2(ld->tty, p, f, count);
457 count = min_t(int, count, ld->tty->receive_room);
458 if (count && ld->ops->receive_buf)
459 ld->ops->receive_buf(ld->tty, p, f, count);
465 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_ldisc_receive_buf);
468 receive_buf(struct tty_ldisc *ld, struct tty_buffer *head, int count)
470 unsigned char *p = char_buf_ptr(head, head->read);
473 if (~head->flags & TTYB_NORMAL)
474 f = flag_buf_ptr(head, head->read);
476 return tty_ldisc_receive_buf(ld, p, f, count);
481 * @work: tty structure passed from work queue.
483 * This routine is called out of the software interrupt to flush data
484 * from the buffer chain to the line discipline.
486 * The receive_buf method is single threaded for each tty instance.
488 * Locking: takes buffer lock to ensure single-threaded flip buffer
492 static void flush_to_ldisc(struct work_struct *work)
494 struct tty_port *port = container_of(work, struct tty_port, buf.work);
495 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
496 struct tty_struct *tty;
497 struct tty_ldisc *disc;
499 tty = READ_ONCE(port->itty);
503 disc = tty_ldisc_ref(tty);
507 mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
510 struct tty_buffer *head = buf->head;
511 struct tty_buffer *next;
514 /* Ldisc or user is trying to gain exclusive access */
515 if (atomic_read(&buf->priority))
518 /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room();
519 * ensures commit value read is not stale if the head
520 * is advancing to the next buffer
522 next = smp_load_acquire(&head->next);
523 /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room() or in
524 * tty_buffer_flush(); ensures we see the committed buffer data
526 count = smp_load_acquire(&head->commit) - head->read;
531 tty_buffer_free(port, head);
535 count = receive_buf(disc, head, count);
544 mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
546 tty_ldisc_deref(disc);
550 * tty_flip_buffer_push - terminal
551 * @port: tty port to push
553 * Queue a push of the terminal flip buffers to the line discipline.
554 * Can be called from IRQ/atomic context.
556 * In the event of the queue being busy for flipping the work will be
557 * held off and retried later.
560 void tty_flip_buffer_push(struct tty_port *port)
562 tty_schedule_flip(port);
564 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tty_flip_buffer_push);
567 * tty_buffer_init - prepare a tty buffer structure
568 * @tty: tty to initialise
570 * Set up the initial state of the buffer management for a tty device.
571 * Must be called before the other tty buffer functions are used.
574 void tty_buffer_init(struct tty_port *port)
576 struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
578 mutex_init(&buf->lock);
579 tty_buffer_reset(&buf->sentinel, 0);
580 buf->head = &buf->sentinel;
581 buf->tail = &buf->sentinel;
582 init_llist_head(&buf->free);
583 atomic_set(&buf->mem_used, 0);
584 atomic_set(&buf->priority, 0);
585 INIT_WORK(&buf->work, flush_to_ldisc);
586 buf->mem_limit = TTYB_DEFAULT_MEM_LIMIT;
590 * tty_buffer_set_limit - change the tty buffer memory limit
591 * @port: tty port to change
593 * Change the tty buffer memory limit.
594 * Must be called before the other tty buffer functions are used.
597 int tty_buffer_set_limit(struct tty_port *port, int limit)
599 if (limit < MIN_TTYB_SIZE)
601 port->buf.mem_limit = limit;
604 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_set_limit);
606 /* slave ptys can claim nested buffer lock when handling BRK and INTR */
607 void tty_buffer_set_lock_subclass(struct tty_port *port)
609 lockdep_set_subclass(&port->buf.lock, TTY_LOCK_SLAVE);
612 bool tty_buffer_restart_work(struct tty_port *port)
614 return queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &port->buf.work);
617 bool tty_buffer_cancel_work(struct tty_port *port)
619 return cancel_work_sync(&port->buf.work);
622 void tty_buffer_flush_work(struct tty_port *port)
624 flush_work(&port->buf.work);