GNU Linux-libre 5.10.153-gnu1

[releases.git] / drivers / tty / n_tty.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-1.0+
/*
 * n_tty.c --- implements the N_TTY line discipline.
 *
 * This code used to be in tty_io.c, but things are getting hairy
 * enough that it made sense to split things off.  (The N_TTY
 * processing has changed so much that it's hardly recognizable,
 * anyway...)
 *
 * Note that the open routine for N_TTY is guaranteed never to return
 * an error.  This is because Linux will fall back to setting a line
 * to N_TTY if it can not switch to any other line discipline.
 *
 * Written by Theodore Ts'o, Copyright 1994.
 *
 * This file also contains code originally written by Linus Torvalds,
 * Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, and by Julian Cowley, Copyright 1994.
 *
 * Reduced memory usage for older ARM systems  - Russell King.
 *
 * 2000/01/20   Fixed SMP locking on put_tty_queue using bits of
 *              the patch by Andrew J. Kroll <ag784@freenet.buffalo.edu>
 *              who actually finally proved there really was a race.
 *
 * 2002/03/18   Implemented n_tty_wakeup to send SIGIO POLL_OUTs to
 *              waiting writing processes-Sapan Bhatia <sapan@corewars.org>.
 *              Also fixed a bug in BLOCKING mode where n_tty_write returns
 *              EAGAIN
 */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/major.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/audit.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>

/*
 * Until this number of characters is queued in the xmit buffer, select will
 * return "we have room for writes".
 */
#define WAKEUP_CHARS 256

/*
 * This defines the low- and high-watermarks for throttling and
 * unthrottling the TTY driver.  These watermarks are used for
 * controlling the space in the read buffer.
 */
#define TTY_THRESHOLD_THROTTLE          128 /* now based on remaining room */
#define TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE        128

/*
 * Special byte codes used in the echo buffer to represent operations
 * or special handling of characters.  Bytes in the echo buffer that
 * are not part of such special blocks are treated as normal character
 * codes.
 */
#define ECHO_OP_START 0xff
#define ECHO_OP_MOVE_BACK_COL 0x80
#define ECHO_OP_SET_CANON_COL 0x81
#define ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB 0x82

#define ECHO_COMMIT_WATERMARK   256
#define ECHO_BLOCK              256
#define ECHO_DISCARD_WATERMARK  N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - (ECHO_BLOCK + 32)


#undef N_TTY_TRACE
#ifdef N_TTY_TRACE
# define n_tty_trace(f, args...)        trace_printk(f, ##args)
#else
# define n_tty_trace(f, args...)        no_printk(f, ##args)
#endif

struct n_tty_data {
        /* producer-published */
        size_t read_head;
        size_t commit_head;
        size_t canon_head;
        size_t echo_head;
        size_t echo_commit;
        size_t echo_mark;
        DECLARE_BITMAP(char_map, 256);

        /* private to n_tty_receive_overrun (single-threaded) */
        unsigned long overrun_time;
        int num_overrun;

        /* non-atomic */
        bool no_room;

        /* must hold exclusive termios_rwsem to reset these */
        unsigned char lnext:1, erasing:1, raw:1, real_raw:1, icanon:1;
        unsigned char push:1;

        /* shared by producer and consumer */
        char read_buf[N_TTY_BUF_SIZE];
        DECLARE_BITMAP(read_flags, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
        unsigned char echo_buf[N_TTY_BUF_SIZE];

        /* consumer-published */
        size_t read_tail;
        size_t line_start;

        /* protected by output lock */
        unsigned int column;
        unsigned int canon_column;
        size_t echo_tail;

        struct mutex atomic_read_lock;
        struct mutex output_lock;
};

#define MASK(x) ((x) & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1))

static inline size_t read_cnt(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        return ldata->read_head - ldata->read_tail;
}

static inline unsigned char read_buf(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
{
        return ldata->read_buf[i & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1)];
}

static inline unsigned char *read_buf_addr(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
{
        return &ldata->read_buf[i & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1)];
}

static inline unsigned char echo_buf(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
{
        smp_rmb(); /* Matches smp_wmb() in add_echo_byte(). */
        return ldata->echo_buf[i & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1)];
}

static inline unsigned char *echo_buf_addr(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
{
        return &ldata->echo_buf[i & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1)];
}

/* If we are not echoing the data, perhaps this is a secret so erase it */
static void zero_buffer(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 *buffer, int size)
{
        bool icanon = !!L_ICANON(tty);
        bool no_echo = !L_ECHO(tty);

        if (icanon && no_echo)
                memset(buffer, 0x00, size);
}

static void tty_copy(struct tty_struct *tty, void *to, size_t tail, size_t n)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t size = N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - tail;
        void *from = read_buf_addr(ldata, tail);

        if (n > size) {
                tty_audit_add_data(tty, from, size);
                memcpy(to, from, size);
                zero_buffer(tty, from, size);
                to += size;
                n -= size;
                from = ldata->read_buf;
        }

        tty_audit_add_data(tty, from, n);
        memcpy(to, from, n);
        zero_buffer(tty, from, n);
}

/**
 *      n_tty_kick_worker - start input worker (if required)
 *      @tty: terminal
 *
 *      Re-schedules the flip buffer work if it may have stopped
 *
 *      Caller holds exclusive termios_rwsem
 *         or
 *      n_tty_read()/consumer path:
 *              holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 */

static void n_tty_kick_worker(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        /* Did the input worker stop? Restart it */
        if (unlikely(ldata->no_room)) {
                ldata->no_room = 0;

                WARN_RATELIMIT(tty->port->itty == NULL,
                                "scheduling with invalid itty\n");
                /* see if ldisc has been killed - if so, this means that
                 * even though the ldisc has been halted and ->buf.work
                 * cancelled, ->buf.work is about to be rescheduled
                 */
                WARN_RATELIMIT(test_bit(TTY_LDISC_HALTED, &tty->flags),
                               "scheduling buffer work for halted ldisc\n");
                tty_buffer_restart_work(tty->port);
        }
}

static ssize_t chars_in_buffer(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        ssize_t n = 0;

        if (!ldata->icanon)
                n = ldata->commit_head - ldata->read_tail;
        else
                n = ldata->canon_head - ldata->read_tail;
        return n;
}

/**
 *      n_tty_write_wakeup      -       asynchronous I/O notifier
 *      @tty: tty device
 *
 *      Required for the ptys, serial driver etc. since processes
 *      that attach themselves to the master and rely on ASYNC
 *      IO must be woken up
 */

static void n_tty_write_wakeup(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        clear_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &tty->flags);
        kill_fasync(&tty->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_OUT);
}

static void n_tty_check_throttle(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        /*
         * Check the remaining room for the input canonicalization
         * mode.  We don't want to throttle the driver if we're in
         * canonical mode and don't have a newline yet!
         */
        if (ldata->icanon && ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_tail)
                return;

        while (1) {
                int throttled;
                tty_set_flow_change(tty, TTY_THROTTLE_SAFE);
                if (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - read_cnt(ldata) >= TTY_THRESHOLD_THROTTLE)
                        break;
                throttled = tty_throttle_safe(tty);
                if (!throttled)
                        break;
        }
        __tty_set_flow_change(tty, 0);
}

static void n_tty_check_unthrottle(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        if (tty->driver->type == TTY_DRIVER_TYPE_PTY) {
                if (chars_in_buffer(tty) > TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE)
                        return;
                n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
                tty_wakeup(tty->link);
                return;
        }

        /* If there is enough space in the read buffer now, let the
         * low-level driver know. We use chars_in_buffer() to
         * check the buffer, as it now knows about canonical mode.
         * Otherwise, if the driver is throttled and the line is
         * longer than TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE in canonical mode,
         * we won't get any more characters.
         */

        while (1) {
                int unthrottled;
                tty_set_flow_change(tty, TTY_UNTHROTTLE_SAFE);
                if (chars_in_buffer(tty) > TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE)
                        break;
                n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
                unthrottled = tty_unthrottle_safe(tty);
                if (!unthrottled)
                        break;
        }
        __tty_set_flow_change(tty, 0);
}

/**
 *      put_tty_queue           -       add character to tty
 *      @c: character
 *      @ldata: n_tty data
 *
 *      Add a character to the tty read_buf queue.
 *
 *      n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 */

static inline void put_tty_queue(unsigned char c, struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        *read_buf_addr(ldata, ldata->read_head) = c;
        ldata->read_head++;
}

/**
 *      reset_buffer_flags      -       reset buffer state
 *      @ldata: line disc data to reset
 *
 *      Reset the read buffer counters and clear the flags.
 *      Called from n_tty_open() and n_tty_flush_buffer().
 *
 *      Locking: caller holds exclusive termios_rwsem
 *               (or locking is not required)
 */

static void reset_buffer_flags(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        ldata->read_head = ldata->canon_head = ldata->read_tail = 0;
        ldata->commit_head = 0;
        ldata->line_start = 0;

        ldata->erasing = 0;
        bitmap_zero(ldata->read_flags, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
        ldata->push = 0;
}

static void n_tty_packet_mode_flush(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        if (tty->link->packet) {
                spin_lock_irqsave(&tty->ctrl_lock, flags);
                tty->ctrl_status |= TIOCPKT_FLUSHREAD;
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tty->ctrl_lock, flags);
                wake_up_interruptible(&tty->link->read_wait);
        }
}

/**
 *      n_tty_flush_buffer      -       clean input queue
 *      @tty:   terminal device
 *
 *      Flush the input buffer. Called when the tty layer wants the
 *      buffer flushed (eg at hangup) or when the N_TTY line discipline
 *      internally has to clean the pending queue (for example some signals).
 *
 *      Holds termios_rwsem to exclude producer/consumer while
 *      buffer indices are reset.
 *
 *      Locking: ctrl_lock, exclusive termios_rwsem
 */

static void n_tty_flush_buffer(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
        reset_buffer_flags(tty->disc_data);
        n_tty_kick_worker(tty);

        if (tty->link)
                n_tty_packet_mode_flush(tty);
        up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
}

/**
 *      is_utf8_continuation    -       utf8 multibyte check
 *      @c: byte to check
 *
 *      Returns true if the utf8 character 'c' is a multibyte continuation
 *      character. We use this to correctly compute the on screen size
 *      of the character when printing
 */

static inline int is_utf8_continuation(unsigned char c)
{
        return (c & 0xc0) == 0x80;
}

/**
 *      is_continuation         -       multibyte check
 *      @c: byte to check
 *
 *      Returns true if the utf8 character 'c' is a multibyte continuation
 *      character and the terminal is in unicode mode.
 */

static inline int is_continuation(unsigned char c, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        return I_IUTF8(tty) && is_utf8_continuation(c);
}

/**
 *      do_output_char                  -       output one character
 *      @c: character (or partial unicode symbol)
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @space: space available in tty driver write buffer
 *
 *      This is a helper function that handles one output character
 *      (including special characters like TAB, CR, LF, etc.),
 *      doing OPOST processing and putting the results in the
 *      tty driver's write buffer.
 *
 *      Note that Linux currently ignores TABDLY, CRDLY, VTDLY, FFDLY
 *      and NLDLY.  They simply aren't relevant in the world today.
 *      If you ever need them, add them here.
 *
 *      Returns the number of bytes of buffer space used or -1 if
 *      no space left.
 *
 *      Locking: should be called under the output_lock to protect
 *               the column state and space left in the buffer
 */

static int do_output_char(unsigned char c, struct tty_struct *tty, int space)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int     spaces;

        if (!space)
                return -1;

        switch (c) {
        case '\n':
                if (O_ONLRET(tty))
                        ldata->column = 0;
                if (O_ONLCR(tty)) {
                        if (space < 2)
                                return -1;
                        ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
                        tty->ops->write(tty, "\r\n", 2);
                        return 2;
                }
                ldata->canon_column = ldata->column;
                break;
        case '\r':
                if (O_ONOCR(tty) && ldata->column == 0)
                        return 0;
                if (O_OCRNL(tty)) {
                        c = '\n';
                        if (O_ONLRET(tty))
                                ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
                        break;
                }
                ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
                break;
        case '\t':
                spaces = 8 - (ldata->column & 7);
                if (O_TABDLY(tty) == XTABS) {
                        if (space < spaces)
                                return -1;
                        ldata->column += spaces;
                        tty->ops->write(tty, "        ", spaces);
                        return spaces;
                }
                ldata->column += spaces;
                break;
        case '\b':
                if (ldata->column > 0)
                        ldata->column--;
                break;
        default:
                if (!iscntrl(c)) {
                        if (O_OLCUC(tty))
                                c = toupper(c);
                        if (!is_continuation(c, tty))
                                ldata->column++;
                }
                break;
        }

        tty_put_char(tty, c);
        return 1;
}

/**
 *      process_output                  -       output post processor
 *      @c: character (or partial unicode symbol)
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *
 *      Output one character with OPOST processing.
 *      Returns -1 when the output device is full and the character
 *      must be retried.
 *
 *      Locking: output_lock to protect column state and space left
 *               (also, this is called from n_tty_write under the
 *                tty layer write lock)
 */

static int process_output(unsigned char c, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int     space, retval;

        mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);

        space = tty_write_room(tty);
        retval = do_output_char(c, tty, space);

        mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
        if (retval < 0)
                return -1;
        else
                return 0;
}

/**
 *      process_output_block            -       block post processor
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @buf: character buffer
 *      @nr: number of bytes to output
 *
 *      Output a block of characters with OPOST processing.
 *      Returns the number of characters output.
 *
 *      This path is used to speed up block console writes, among other
 *      things when processing blocks of output data. It handles only
 *      the simple cases normally found and helps to generate blocks of
 *      symbols for the console driver and thus improve performance.
 *
 *      Locking: output_lock to protect column state and space left
 *               (also, this is called from n_tty_write under the
 *                tty layer write lock)
 */

static ssize_t process_output_block(struct tty_struct *tty,
                                    const unsigned char *buf, unsigned int nr)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int     space;
        int     i;
        const unsigned char *cp;

        mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);

        space = tty_write_room(tty);
        if (space <= 0) {
                mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
                return space;
        }
        if (nr > space)
                nr = space;

        for (i = 0, cp = buf; i < nr; i++, cp++) {
                unsigned char c = *cp;

                switch (c) {
                case '\n':
                        if (O_ONLRET(tty))
                                ldata->column = 0;
                        if (O_ONLCR(tty))
                                goto break_out;
                        ldata->canon_column = ldata->column;
                        break;
                case '\r':
                        if (O_ONOCR(tty) && ldata->column == 0)
                                goto break_out;
                        if (O_OCRNL(tty))
                                goto break_out;
                        ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
                        break;
                case '\t':
                        goto break_out;
                case '\b':
                        if (ldata->column > 0)
                                ldata->column--;
                        break;
                default:
                        if (!iscntrl(c)) {
                                if (O_OLCUC(tty))
                                        goto break_out;
                                if (!is_continuation(c, tty))
                                        ldata->column++;
                        }
                        break;
                }
        }
break_out:
        i = tty->ops->write(tty, buf, i);

        mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
        return i;
}

/**
 *      process_echoes  -       write pending echo characters
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *
 *      Write previously buffered echo (and other ldisc-generated)
 *      characters to the tty.
 *
 *      Characters generated by the ldisc (including echoes) need to
 *      be buffered because the driver's write buffer can fill during
 *      heavy program output.  Echoing straight to the driver will
 *      often fail under these conditions, causing lost characters and
 *      resulting mismatches of ldisc state information.
 *
 *      Since the ldisc state must represent the characters actually sent
 *      to the driver at the time of the write, operations like certain
 *      changes in column state are also saved in the buffer and executed
 *      here.
 *
 *      A circular fifo buffer is used so that the most recent characters
 *      are prioritized.  Also, when control characters are echoed with a
 *      prefixed "^", the pair is treated atomically and thus not separated.
 *
 *      Locking: callers must hold output_lock
 */

static size_t __process_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int     space, old_space;
        size_t tail;
        unsigned char c;

        old_space = space = tty_write_room(tty);

        tail = ldata->echo_tail;
        while (MASK(ldata->echo_commit) != MASK(tail)) {
                c = echo_buf(ldata, tail);
                if (c == ECHO_OP_START) {
                        unsigned char op;
                        int no_space_left = 0;

                        /*
                         * Since add_echo_byte() is called without holding
                         * output_lock, we might see only portion of multi-byte
                         * operation.
                         */
                        if (MASK(ldata->echo_commit) == MASK(tail + 1))
                                goto not_yet_stored;
                        /*
                         * If the buffer byte is the start of a multi-byte
                         * operation, get the next byte, which is either the
                         * op code or a control character value.
                         */
                        op = echo_buf(ldata, tail + 1);

                        switch (op) {
                        case ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB: {
                                unsigned int num_chars, num_bs;

                                if (MASK(ldata->echo_commit) == MASK(tail + 2))
                                        goto not_yet_stored;
                                num_chars = echo_buf(ldata, tail + 2);

                                /*
                                 * Determine how many columns to go back
                                 * in order to erase the tab.
                                 * This depends on the number of columns
                                 * used by other characters within the tab
                                 * area.  If this (modulo 8) count is from
                                 * the start of input rather than from a
                                 * previous tab, we offset by canon column.
                                 * Otherwise, tab spacing is normal.
                                 */
                                if (!(num_chars & 0x80))
                                        num_chars += ldata->canon_column;
                                num_bs = 8 - (num_chars & 7);

                                if (num_bs > space) {
                                        no_space_left = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                                space -= num_bs;
                                while (num_bs--) {
                                        tty_put_char(tty, '\b');
                                        if (ldata->column > 0)
                                                ldata->column--;
                                }
                                tail += 3;
                                break;
                        }
                        case ECHO_OP_SET_CANON_COL:
                                ldata->canon_column = ldata->column;
                                tail += 2;
                                break;

                        case ECHO_OP_MOVE_BACK_COL:
                                if (ldata->column > 0)
                                        ldata->column--;
                                tail += 2;
                                break;

                        case ECHO_OP_START:
                                /* This is an escaped echo op start code */
                                if (!space) {
                                        no_space_left = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                                tty_put_char(tty, ECHO_OP_START);
                                ldata->column++;
                                space--;
                                tail += 2;
                                break;

                        default:
                                /*
                                 * If the op is not a special byte code,
                                 * it is a ctrl char tagged to be echoed
                                 * as "^X" (where X is the letter
                                 * representing the control char).
                                 * Note that we must ensure there is
                                 * enough space for the whole ctrl pair.
                                 *
                                 */
                                if (space < 2) {
                                        no_space_left = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                                tty_put_char(tty, '^');
                                tty_put_char(tty, op ^ 0100);
                                ldata->column += 2;
                                space -= 2;
                                tail += 2;
                        }

                        if (no_space_left)
                                break;
                } else {
                        if (O_OPOST(tty)) {
                                int retval = do_output_char(c, tty, space);
                                if (retval < 0)
                                        break;
                                space -= retval;
                        } else {
                                if (!space)
                                        break;
                                tty_put_char(tty, c);
                                space -= 1;
                        }
                        tail += 1;
                }
        }

        /* If the echo buffer is nearly full (so that the possibility exists
         * of echo overrun before the next commit), then discard enough
         * data at the tail to prevent a subsequent overrun */
        while (ldata->echo_commit > tail &&
               ldata->echo_commit - tail >= ECHO_DISCARD_WATERMARK) {
                if (echo_buf(ldata, tail) == ECHO_OP_START) {
                        if (echo_buf(ldata, tail + 1) == ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB)
                                tail += 3;
                        else
                                tail += 2;
                } else
                        tail++;
        }

 not_yet_stored:
        ldata->echo_tail = tail;
        return old_space - space;
}

static void commit_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t nr, old, echoed;
        size_t head;

        mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
        head = ldata->echo_head;
        ldata->echo_mark = head;
        old = ldata->echo_commit - ldata->echo_tail;

        /* Process committed echoes if the accumulated # of bytes
         * is over the threshold (and try again each time another
         * block is accumulated) */
        nr = head - ldata->echo_tail;
        if (nr < ECHO_COMMIT_WATERMARK ||
            (nr % ECHO_BLOCK > old % ECHO_BLOCK)) {
                mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
                return;
        }

        ldata->echo_commit = head;
        echoed = __process_echoes(tty);
        mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);

        if (echoed && tty->ops->flush_chars)
                tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
}

static void process_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t echoed;

        if (ldata->echo_mark == ldata->echo_tail)
                return;

        mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
        ldata->echo_commit = ldata->echo_mark;
        echoed = __process_echoes(tty);
        mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);

        if (echoed && tty->ops->flush_chars)
                tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
}

/* NB: echo_mark and echo_head should be equivalent here */
static void flush_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if ((!L_ECHO(tty) && !L_ECHONL(tty)) ||
            ldata->echo_commit == ldata->echo_head)
                return;

        mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
        ldata->echo_commit = ldata->echo_head;
        __process_echoes(tty);
        mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
}

/**
 *      add_echo_byte   -       add a byte to the echo buffer
 *      @c: unicode byte to echo
 *      @ldata: n_tty data
 *
 *      Add a character or operation byte to the echo buffer.
 */

static inline void add_echo_byte(unsigned char c, struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        *echo_buf_addr(ldata, ldata->echo_head) = c;
        smp_wmb(); /* Matches smp_rmb() in echo_buf(). */
        ldata->echo_head++;
}

/**
 *      echo_move_back_col      -       add operation to move back a column
 *      @ldata: n_tty data
 *
 *      Add an operation to the echo buffer to move back one column.
 */

static void echo_move_back_col(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_MOVE_BACK_COL, ldata);
}

/**
 *      echo_set_canon_col      -       add operation to set the canon column
 *      @ldata: n_tty data
 *
 *      Add an operation to the echo buffer to set the canon column
 *      to the current column.
 */

static void echo_set_canon_col(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_SET_CANON_COL, ldata);
}

/**
 *      echo_erase_tab  -       add operation to erase a tab
 *      @num_chars: number of character columns already used
 *      @after_tab: true if num_chars starts after a previous tab
 *      @ldata: n_tty data
 *
 *      Add an operation to the echo buffer to erase a tab.
 *
 *      Called by the eraser function, which knows how many character
 *      columns have been used since either a previous tab or the start
 *      of input.  This information will be used later, along with
 *      canon column (if applicable), to go back the correct number
 *      of columns.
 */

static void echo_erase_tab(unsigned int num_chars, int after_tab,
                           struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB, ldata);

        /* We only need to know this modulo 8 (tab spacing) */
        num_chars &= 7;

        /* Set the high bit as a flag if num_chars is after a previous tab */
        if (after_tab)
                num_chars |= 0x80;

        add_echo_byte(num_chars, ldata);
}

/**
 *      echo_char_raw   -       echo a character raw
 *      @c: unicode byte to echo
 *      @ldata: line disc data
 *
 *      Echo user input back onto the screen. This must be called only when
 *      L_ECHO(tty) is true. Called from the driver receive_buf path.
 *
 *      This variant does not treat control characters specially.
 */

static void echo_char_raw(unsigned char c, struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        if (c == ECHO_OP_START) {
                add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
                add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
        } else {
                add_echo_byte(c, ldata);
        }
}

/**
 *      echo_char       -       echo a character
 *      @c: unicode byte to echo
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *
 *      Echo user input back onto the screen. This must be called only when
 *      L_ECHO(tty) is true. Called from the driver receive_buf path.
 *
 *      This variant tags control characters to be echoed as "^X"
 *      (where X is the letter representing the control char).
 */

static void echo_char(unsigned char c, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (c == ECHO_OP_START) {
                add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
                add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
        } else {
                if (L_ECHOCTL(tty) && iscntrl(c) && c != '\t')
                        add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
                add_echo_byte(c, ldata);
        }
}

/**
 *      finish_erasing          -       complete erase
 *      @ldata: n_tty data
 */

static inline void finish_erasing(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        if (ldata->erasing) {
                echo_char_raw('/', ldata);
                ldata->erasing = 0;
        }
}

/**
 *      eraser          -       handle erase function
 *      @c: character input
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *
 *      Perform erase and necessary output when an erase character is
 *      present in the stream from the driver layer. Handles the complexities
 *      of UTF-8 multibyte symbols.
 *
 *      n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 */

static void eraser(unsigned char c, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        enum { ERASE, WERASE, KILL } kill_type;
        size_t head;
        size_t cnt;
        int seen_alnums;

        if (ldata->read_head == ldata->canon_head) {
                /* process_output('\a', tty); */ /* what do you think? */
                return;
        }
        if (c == ERASE_CHAR(tty))
                kill_type = ERASE;
        else if (c == WERASE_CHAR(tty))
                kill_type = WERASE;
        else {
                if (!L_ECHO(tty)) {
                        ldata->read_head = ldata->canon_head;
                        return;
                }
                if (!L_ECHOK(tty) || !L_ECHOKE(tty) || !L_ECHOE(tty)) {
                        ldata->read_head = ldata->canon_head;
                        finish_erasing(ldata);
                        echo_char(KILL_CHAR(tty), tty);
                        /* Add a newline if ECHOK is on and ECHOKE is off. */
                        if (L_ECHOK(tty))
                                echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
                        return;
                }
                kill_type = KILL;
        }

        seen_alnums = 0;
        while (MASK(ldata->read_head) != MASK(ldata->canon_head)) {
                head = ldata->read_head;

                /* erase a single possibly multibyte character */
                do {
                        head--;
                        c = read_buf(ldata, head);
                } while (is_continuation(c, tty) &&
                         MASK(head) != MASK(ldata->canon_head));

                /* do not partially erase */
                if (is_continuation(c, tty))
                        break;

                if (kill_type == WERASE) {
                        /* Equivalent to BSD's ALTWERASE. */
                        if (isalnum(c) || c == '_')
                                seen_alnums++;
                        else if (seen_alnums)
                                break;
                }
                cnt = ldata->read_head - head;
                ldata->read_head = head;
                if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                        if (L_ECHOPRT(tty)) {
                                if (!ldata->erasing) {
                                        echo_char_raw('\\', ldata);
                                        ldata->erasing = 1;
                                }
                                /* if cnt > 1, output a multi-byte character */
                                echo_char(c, tty);
                                while (--cnt > 0) {
                                        head++;
                                        echo_char_raw(read_buf(ldata, head), ldata);
                                        echo_move_back_col(ldata);
                                }
                        } else if (kill_type == ERASE && !L_ECHOE(tty)) {
                                echo_char(ERASE_CHAR(tty), tty);
                        } else if (c == '\t') {
                                unsigned int num_chars = 0;
                                int after_tab = 0;
                                size_t tail = ldata->read_head;

                                /*
                                 * Count the columns used for characters
                                 * since the start of input or after a
                                 * previous tab.
                                 * This info is used to go back the correct
                                 * number of columns.
                                 */
                                while (MASK(tail) != MASK(ldata->canon_head)) {
                                        tail--;
                                        c = read_buf(ldata, tail);
                                        if (c == '\t') {
                                                after_tab = 1;
                                                break;
                                        } else if (iscntrl(c)) {
                                                if (L_ECHOCTL(tty))
                                                        num_chars += 2;
                                        } else if (!is_continuation(c, tty)) {
                                                num_chars++;
                                        }
                                }
                                echo_erase_tab(num_chars, after_tab, ldata);
                        } else {
                                if (iscntrl(c) && L_ECHOCTL(tty)) {
                                        echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
                                        echo_char_raw(' ', ldata);
                                        echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
                                }
                                if (!iscntrl(c) || L_ECHOCTL(tty)) {
                                        echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
                                        echo_char_raw(' ', ldata);
                                        echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (kill_type == ERASE)
                        break;
        }
        if (ldata->read_head == ldata->canon_head && L_ECHO(tty))
                finish_erasing(ldata);
}

/**
 *      isig            -       handle the ISIG optio
 *      @sig: signal
 *      @tty: terminal
 *
 *      Called when a signal is being sent due to terminal input.
 *      Called from the driver receive_buf path so serialized.
 *
 *      Performs input and output flush if !NOFLSH. In this context, the echo
 *      buffer is 'output'. The signal is processed first to alert any current
 *      readers or writers to discontinue and exit their i/o loops.
 *
 *      Locking: ctrl_lock
 */

static void __isig(int sig, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct pid *tty_pgrp = tty_get_pgrp(tty);
        if (tty_pgrp) {
                kill_pgrp(tty_pgrp, sig, 1);
                put_pid(tty_pgrp);
        }
}

static void isig(int sig, struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (L_NOFLSH(tty)) {
                /* signal only */
                __isig(sig, tty);

        } else { /* signal and flush */
                up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);

                __isig(sig, tty);

                /* clear echo buffer */
                mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
                ldata->echo_head = ldata->echo_tail = 0;
                ldata->echo_mark = ldata->echo_commit = 0;
                mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);

                /* clear output buffer */
                tty_driver_flush_buffer(tty);

                /* clear input buffer */
                reset_buffer_flags(tty->disc_data);

                /* notify pty master of flush */
                if (tty->link)
                        n_tty_packet_mode_flush(tty);

                up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
        }
}

/**
 *      n_tty_receive_break     -       handle break
 *      @tty: terminal
 *
 *      An RS232 break event has been hit in the incoming bitstream. This
 *      can cause a variety of events depending upon the termios settings.
 *
 *      n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 *
 *      Note: may get exclusive termios_rwsem if flushing input buffer
 */

static void n_tty_receive_break(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (I_IGNBRK(tty))
                return;
        if (I_BRKINT(tty)) {
                isig(SIGINT, tty);
                return;
        }
        if (I_PARMRK(tty)) {
                put_tty_queue('\377', ldata);
                put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
        }
        put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
}

/**
 *      n_tty_receive_overrun   -       handle overrun reporting
 *      @tty: terminal
 *
 *      Data arrived faster than we could process it. While the tty
 *      driver has flagged this the bits that were missed are gone
 *      forever.
 *
 *      Called from the receive_buf path so single threaded. Does not
 *      need locking as num_overrun and overrun_time are function
 *      private.
 */

static void n_tty_receive_overrun(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        ldata->num_overrun++;
        if (time_after(jiffies, ldata->overrun_time + HZ) ||
                        time_after(ldata->overrun_time, jiffies)) {
                tty_warn(tty, "%d input overrun(s)\n", ldata->num_overrun);
                ldata->overrun_time = jiffies;
                ldata->num_overrun = 0;
        }
}

/**
 *      n_tty_receive_parity_error      -       error notifier
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @c: character
 *
 *      Process a parity error and queue the right data to indicate
 *      the error case if necessary.
 *
 *      n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 */
static void n_tty_receive_parity_error(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (I_INPCK(tty)) {
                if (I_IGNPAR(tty))
                        return;
                if (I_PARMRK(tty)) {
                        put_tty_queue('\377', ldata);
                        put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
                        put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
                } else
                        put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
        } else
                put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
}

static void
n_tty_receive_signal_char(struct tty_struct *tty, int signal, unsigned char c)
{
        isig(signal, tty);
        if (I_IXON(tty))
                start_tty(tty);
        if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                echo_char(c, tty);
                commit_echoes(tty);
        } else
                process_echoes(tty);
        return;
}

/**
 *      n_tty_receive_char      -       perform processing
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @c: character
 *
 *      Process an individual character of input received from the driver.
 *      This is serialized with respect to itself by the rules for the
 *      driver above.
 *
 *      n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 *              publishes canon_head if canonical mode is active
 *
 *      Returns 1 if LNEXT was received, else returns 0
 */

static int
n_tty_receive_char_special(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (I_IXON(tty)) {
                if (c == START_CHAR(tty)) {
                        start_tty(tty);
                        process_echoes(tty);
                        return 0;
                }
                if (c == STOP_CHAR(tty)) {
                        stop_tty(tty);
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        if (L_ISIG(tty)) {
                if (c == INTR_CHAR(tty)) {
                        n_tty_receive_signal_char(tty, SIGINT, c);
                        return 0;
                } else if (c == QUIT_CHAR(tty)) {
                        n_tty_receive_signal_char(tty, SIGQUIT, c);
                        return 0;
                } else if (c == SUSP_CHAR(tty)) {
                        n_tty_receive_signal_char(tty, SIGTSTP, c);
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        if (tty->stopped && !tty->flow_stopped && I_IXON(tty) && I_IXANY(tty)) {
                start_tty(tty);
                process_echoes(tty);
        }

        if (c == '\r') {
                if (I_IGNCR(tty))
                        return 0;
                if (I_ICRNL(tty))
                        c = '\n';
        } else if (c == '\n' && I_INLCR(tty))
                c = '\r';

        if (ldata->icanon) {
                if (c == ERASE_CHAR(tty) || c == KILL_CHAR(tty) ||
                    (c == WERASE_CHAR(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))) {
                        eraser(c, tty);
                        commit_echoes(tty);
                        return 0;
                }
                if (c == LNEXT_CHAR(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty)) {
                        ldata->lnext = 1;
                        if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                                finish_erasing(ldata);
                                if (L_ECHOCTL(tty)) {
                                        echo_char_raw('^', ldata);
                                        echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
                                        commit_echoes(tty);
                                }
                        }
                        return 1;
                }
                if (c == REPRINT_CHAR(tty) && L_ECHO(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty)) {
                        size_t tail = ldata->canon_head;

                        finish_erasing(ldata);
                        echo_char(c, tty);
                        echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
                        while (MASK(tail) != MASK(ldata->read_head)) {
                                echo_char(read_buf(ldata, tail), tty);
                                tail++;
                        }
                        commit_echoes(tty);
                        return 0;
                }
                if (c == '\n') {
                        if (L_ECHO(tty) || L_ECHONL(tty)) {
                                echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
                                commit_echoes(tty);
                        }
                        goto handle_newline;
                }
                if (c == EOF_CHAR(tty)) {
                        c = __DISABLED_CHAR;
                        goto handle_newline;
                }
                if ((c == EOL_CHAR(tty)) ||
                    (c == EOL2_CHAR(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))) {
                        /*
                         * XXX are EOL_CHAR and EOL2_CHAR echoed?!?
                         */
                        if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                                /* Record the column of first canon char. */
                                if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
                                        echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
                                echo_char(c, tty);
                                commit_echoes(tty);
                        }
                        /*
                         * XXX does PARMRK doubling happen for
                         * EOL_CHAR and EOL2_CHAR?
                         */
                        if (c == (unsigned char) '\377' && I_PARMRK(tty))
                                put_tty_queue(c, ldata);

handle_newline:
                        set_bit(ldata->read_head & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1), ldata->read_flags);
                        put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
                        smp_store_release(&ldata->canon_head, ldata->read_head);
                        kill_fasync(&tty->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
                        wake_up_interruptible_poll(&tty->read_wait, EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM);
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                finish_erasing(ldata);
                if (c == '\n')
                        echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
                else {
                        /* Record the column of first canon char. */
                        if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
                                echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
                        echo_char(c, tty);
                }
                commit_echoes(tty);
        }

        /* PARMRK doubling check */
        if (c == (unsigned char) '\377' && I_PARMRK(tty))
                put_tty_queue(c, ldata);

        put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
        return 0;
}

static inline void
n_tty_receive_char_inline(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (tty->stopped && !tty->flow_stopped && I_IXON(tty) && I_IXANY(tty)) {
                start_tty(tty);
                process_echoes(tty);
        }
        if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                finish_erasing(ldata);
                /* Record the column of first canon char. */
                if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
                        echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
                echo_char(c, tty);
                commit_echoes(tty);
        }
        /* PARMRK doubling check */
        if (c == (unsigned char) '\377' && I_PARMRK(tty))
                put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
        put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
}

static void n_tty_receive_char(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c)
{
        n_tty_receive_char_inline(tty, c);
}

static inline void
n_tty_receive_char_fast(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (tty->stopped && !tty->flow_stopped && I_IXON(tty) && I_IXANY(tty)) {
                start_tty(tty);
                process_echoes(tty);
        }
        if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
                finish_erasing(ldata);
                /* Record the column of first canon char. */
                if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
                        echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
                echo_char(c, tty);
                commit_echoes(tty);
        }
        put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
}

static void n_tty_receive_char_closing(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c)
{
        if (I_ISTRIP(tty))
                c &= 0x7f;
        if (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))
                c = tolower(c);

        if (I_IXON(tty)) {
                if (c == STOP_CHAR(tty))
                        stop_tty(tty);
                else if (c == START_CHAR(tty) ||
                         (tty->stopped && !tty->flow_stopped && I_IXANY(tty) &&
                          c != INTR_CHAR(tty) && c != QUIT_CHAR(tty) &&
                          c != SUSP_CHAR(tty))) {
                        start_tty(tty);
                        process_echoes(tty);
                }
        }
}

static void
n_tty_receive_char_flagged(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c, char flag)
{
        switch (flag) {
        case TTY_BREAK:
                n_tty_receive_break(tty);
                break;
        case TTY_PARITY:
        case TTY_FRAME:
                n_tty_receive_parity_error(tty, c);
                break;
        case TTY_OVERRUN:
                n_tty_receive_overrun(tty);
                break;
        default:
                tty_err(tty, "unknown flag %d\n", flag);
                break;
        }
}

static void
n_tty_receive_char_lnext(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char c, char flag)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        ldata->lnext = 0;
        if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL)) {
                if (I_ISTRIP(tty))
                        c &= 0x7f;
                if (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))
                        c = tolower(c);
                n_tty_receive_char(tty, c);
        } else
                n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, c, flag);
}

static void
n_tty_receive_buf_real_raw(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                           char *fp, int count)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t n, head;

        head = ldata->read_head & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1);
        n = min_t(size_t, count, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - head);
        memcpy(read_buf_addr(ldata, head), cp, n);
        ldata->read_head += n;
        cp += n;
        count -= n;

        head = ldata->read_head & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1);
        n = min_t(size_t, count, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - head);
        memcpy(read_buf_addr(ldata, head), cp, n);
        ldata->read_head += n;
}

static void
n_tty_receive_buf_raw(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                      char *fp, int count)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        char flag = TTY_NORMAL;

        while (count--) {
                if (fp)
                        flag = *fp++;
                if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL))
                        put_tty_queue(*cp++, ldata);
                else
                        n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, *cp++, flag);
        }
}

static void
n_tty_receive_buf_closing(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                          char *fp, int count)
{
        char flag = TTY_NORMAL;

        while (count--) {
                if (fp)
                        flag = *fp++;
                if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL))
                        n_tty_receive_char_closing(tty, *cp++);
        }
}

static void
n_tty_receive_buf_standard(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                          char *fp, int count)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        char flag = TTY_NORMAL;

        while (count--) {
                if (fp)
                        flag = *fp++;
                if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL)) {
                        unsigned char c = *cp++;

                        if (I_ISTRIP(tty))
                                c &= 0x7f;
                        if (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))
                                c = tolower(c);
                        if (L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
                                put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (!test_bit(c, ldata->char_map))
                                n_tty_receive_char_inline(tty, c);
                        else if (n_tty_receive_char_special(tty, c) && count) {
                                if (fp)
                                        flag = *fp++;
                                n_tty_receive_char_lnext(tty, *cp++, flag);
                                count--;
                        }
                } else
                        n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, *cp++, flag);
        }
}

static void
n_tty_receive_buf_fast(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                       char *fp, int count)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        char flag = TTY_NORMAL;

        while (count--) {
                if (fp)
                        flag = *fp++;
                if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL)) {
                        unsigned char c = *cp++;

                        if (!test_bit(c, ldata->char_map))
                                n_tty_receive_char_fast(tty, c);
                        else if (n_tty_receive_char_special(tty, c) && count) {
                                if (fp)
                                        flag = *fp++;
                                n_tty_receive_char_lnext(tty, *cp++, flag);
                                count--;
                        }
                } else
                        n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, *cp++, flag);
        }
}

static void __receive_buf(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                          char *fp, int count)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        bool preops = I_ISTRIP(tty) || (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty));

        if (ldata->real_raw)
                n_tty_receive_buf_real_raw(tty, cp, fp, count);
        else if (ldata->raw || (L_EXTPROC(tty) && !preops))
                n_tty_receive_buf_raw(tty, cp, fp, count);
        else if (tty->closing && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
                n_tty_receive_buf_closing(tty, cp, fp, count);
        else {
                if (ldata->lnext) {
                        char flag = TTY_NORMAL;

                        if (fp)
                                flag = *fp++;
                        n_tty_receive_char_lnext(tty, *cp++, flag);
                        count--;
                }

                if (!preops && !I_PARMRK(tty))
                        n_tty_receive_buf_fast(tty, cp, fp, count);
                else
                        n_tty_receive_buf_standard(tty, cp, fp, count);

                flush_echoes(tty);
                if (tty->ops->flush_chars)
                        tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
        }

        if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
                return;

        /* publish read_head to consumer */
        smp_store_release(&ldata->commit_head, ldata->read_head);

        if (read_cnt(ldata)) {
                kill_fasync(&tty->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
                wake_up_interruptible_poll(&tty->read_wait, EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM);
        }
}

/**
 *      n_tty_receive_buf_common        -       process input
 *      @tty: device to receive input
 *      @cp: input chars
 *      @fp: flags for each char (if NULL, all chars are TTY_NORMAL)
 *      @count: number of input chars in @cp
 *
 *      Called by the terminal driver when a block of characters has
 *      been received. This function must be called from soft contexts
 *      not from interrupt context. The driver is responsible for making
 *      calls one at a time and in order (or using flush_to_ldisc)
 *
 *      Returns the # of input chars from @cp which were processed.
 *
 *      In canonical mode, the maximum line length is 4096 chars (including
 *      the line termination char); lines longer than 4096 chars are
 *      truncated. After 4095 chars, input data is still processed but
 *      not stored. Overflow processing ensures the tty can always
 *      receive more input until at least one line can be read.
 *
 *      In non-canonical mode, the read buffer will only accept 4095 chars;
 *      this provides the necessary space for a newline char if the input
 *      mode is switched to canonical.
 *
 *      Note it is possible for the read buffer to _contain_ 4096 chars
 *      in non-canonical mode: the read buffer could already contain the
 *      maximum canon line of 4096 chars when the mode is switched to
 *      non-canonical.
 *
 *      n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
 *              claims non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 *              publishes commit_head or canon_head
 */
static int
n_tty_receive_buf_common(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                         char *fp, int count, int flow)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int room, n, rcvd = 0, overflow;

        down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

        do {
                /*
                 * When PARMRK is set, each input char may take up to 3 chars
                 * in the read buf; reduce the buffer space avail by 3x
                 *
                 * If we are doing input canonicalization, and there are no
                 * pending newlines, let characters through without limit, so
                 * that erase characters will be handled.  Other excess
                 * characters will be beeped.
                 *
                 * paired with store in *_copy_from_read_buf() -- guarantees
                 * the consumer has loaded the data in read_buf up to the new
                 * read_tail (so this producer will not overwrite unread data)
                 */
                size_t tail = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->read_tail);

                room = N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - (ldata->read_head - tail);
                if (I_PARMRK(tty))
                        room = (room + 2) / 3;
                room--;
                if (room <= 0) {
                        overflow = ldata->icanon && ldata->canon_head == tail;
                        if (overflow && room < 0)
                                ldata->read_head--;
                        room = overflow;
                        ldata->no_room = flow && !room;
                } else
                        overflow = 0;

                n = min(count, room);
                if (!n)
                        break;

                /* ignore parity errors if handling overflow */
                if (!overflow || !fp || *fp != TTY_PARITY)
                        __receive_buf(tty, cp, fp, n);

                cp += n;
                if (fp)
                        fp += n;
                count -= n;
                rcvd += n;
        } while (!test_bit(TTY_LDISC_CHANGING, &tty->flags));

        tty->receive_room = room;

        /* Unthrottle if handling overflow on pty */
        if (tty->driver->type == TTY_DRIVER_TYPE_PTY) {
                if (overflow) {
                        tty_set_flow_change(tty, TTY_UNTHROTTLE_SAFE);
                        tty_unthrottle_safe(tty);
                        __tty_set_flow_change(tty, 0);
                }
        } else
                n_tty_check_throttle(tty);

        up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

        return rcvd;
}

static void n_tty_receive_buf(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                              char *fp, int count)
{
        n_tty_receive_buf_common(tty, cp, fp, count, 0);
}

static int n_tty_receive_buf2(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *cp,
                              char *fp, int count)
{
        return n_tty_receive_buf_common(tty, cp, fp, count, 1);
}

/**
 *      n_tty_set_termios       -       termios data changed
 *      @tty: terminal
 *      @old: previous data
 *
 *      Called by the tty layer when the user changes termios flags so
 *      that the line discipline can plan ahead. This function cannot sleep
 *      and is protected from re-entry by the tty layer. The user is
 *      guaranteed that this function will not be re-entered or in progress
 *      when the ldisc is closed.
 *
 *      Locking: Caller holds tty->termios_rwsem
 */

static void n_tty_set_termios(struct tty_struct *tty, struct ktermios *old)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (!old || (old->c_lflag ^ tty->termios.c_lflag) & (ICANON | EXTPROC)) {
                bitmap_zero(ldata->read_flags, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
                ldata->line_start = ldata->read_tail;
                if (!L_ICANON(tty) || !read_cnt(ldata)) {
                        ldata->canon_head = ldata->read_tail;
                        ldata->push = 0;
                } else {
                        set_bit((ldata->read_head - 1) & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1),
                                ldata->read_flags);
                        ldata->canon_head = ldata->read_head;
                        ldata->push = 1;
                }
                ldata->commit_head = ldata->read_head;
                ldata->erasing = 0;
                ldata->lnext = 0;
        }

        ldata->icanon = (L_ICANON(tty) != 0);

        if (I_ISTRIP(tty) || I_IUCLC(tty) || I_IGNCR(tty) ||
            I_ICRNL(tty) || I_INLCR(tty) || L_ICANON(tty) ||
            I_IXON(tty) || L_ISIG(tty) || L_ECHO(tty) ||
            I_PARMRK(tty)) {
                bitmap_zero(ldata->char_map, 256);

                if (I_IGNCR(tty) || I_ICRNL(tty))
                        set_bit('\r', ldata->char_map);
                if (I_INLCR(tty))
                        set_bit('\n', ldata->char_map);

                if (L_ICANON(tty)) {
                        set_bit(ERASE_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit(KILL_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit(EOF_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit('\n', ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit(EOL_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        if (L_IEXTEN(tty)) {
                                set_bit(WERASE_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                                set_bit(LNEXT_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                                set_bit(EOL2_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                                if (L_ECHO(tty))
                                        set_bit(REPRINT_CHAR(tty),
                                                ldata->char_map);
                        }
                }
                if (I_IXON(tty)) {
                        set_bit(START_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit(STOP_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                }
                if (L_ISIG(tty)) {
                        set_bit(INTR_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit(QUIT_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                        set_bit(SUSP_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
                }
                clear_bit(__DISABLED_CHAR, ldata->char_map);
                ldata->raw = 0;
                ldata->real_raw = 0;
        } else {
                ldata->raw = 1;
                if ((I_IGNBRK(tty) || (!I_BRKINT(tty) && !I_PARMRK(tty))) &&
                    (I_IGNPAR(tty) || !I_INPCK(tty)) &&
                    (tty->driver->flags & TTY_DRIVER_REAL_RAW))
                        ldata->real_raw = 1;
                else
                        ldata->real_raw = 0;
        }
        /*
         * Fix tty hang when I_IXON(tty) is cleared, but the tty
         * been stopped by STOP_CHAR(tty) before it.
         */
        if (!I_IXON(tty) && old && (old->c_iflag & IXON) && !tty->flow_stopped) {
                start_tty(tty);
                process_echoes(tty);
        }

        /* The termios change make the tty ready for I/O */
        wake_up_interruptible(&tty->write_wait);
        wake_up_interruptible(&tty->read_wait);
}

/**
 *      n_tty_close             -       close the ldisc for this tty
 *      @tty: device
 *
 *      Called from the terminal layer when this line discipline is
 *      being shut down, either because of a close or becsuse of a
 *      discipline change. The function will not be called while other
 *      ldisc methods are in progress.
 */

static void n_tty_close(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

        if (tty->link)
                n_tty_packet_mode_flush(tty);

        vfree(ldata);
        tty->disc_data = NULL;
}

/**
 *      n_tty_open              -       open an ldisc
 *      @tty: terminal to open
 *
 *      Called when this line discipline is being attached to the
 *      terminal device. Can sleep. Called serialized so that no
 *      other events will occur in parallel. No further open will occur
 *      until a close.
 */

static int n_tty_open(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata;

        /* Currently a malloc failure here can panic */
        ldata = vzalloc(sizeof(*ldata));
        if (!ldata)
                return -ENOMEM;

        ldata->overrun_time = jiffies;
        mutex_init(&ldata->atomic_read_lock);
        mutex_init(&ldata->output_lock);

        tty->disc_data = ldata;
        tty->closing = 0;
        /* indicate buffer work may resume */
        clear_bit(TTY_LDISC_HALTED, &tty->flags);
        n_tty_set_termios(tty, NULL);
        tty_unthrottle(tty);
        return 0;
}

static inline int input_available_p(struct tty_struct *tty, int poll)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int amt = poll && !TIME_CHAR(tty) && MIN_CHAR(tty) ? MIN_CHAR(tty) : 1;

        if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
                return ldata->canon_head != ldata->read_tail;
        else
                return ldata->commit_head - ldata->read_tail >= amt;
}

/**
 *      copy_from_read_buf      -       copy read data directly
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @kbp: data
 *      @nr: size of data
 *
 *      Helper function to speed up n_tty_read.  It is only called when
 *      ICANON is off; it copies characters straight from the tty queue.
 *
 *      Called under the ldata->atomic_read_lock sem
 *
 *      Returns true if it successfully copied data, but there is still
 *      more data to be had.
 *
 *      n_tty_read()/consumer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 *              read_tail published
 */

static bool copy_from_read_buf(struct tty_struct *tty,
                                      unsigned char **kbp,
                                      size_t *nr)

{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t n;
        bool is_eof;
        size_t head = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->commit_head);
        size_t tail = ldata->read_tail & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1);

        n = min(head - ldata->read_tail, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - tail);
        n = min(*nr, n);
        if (n) {
                unsigned char *from = read_buf_addr(ldata, tail);
                memcpy(*kbp, from, n);
                is_eof = n == 1 && *from == EOF_CHAR(tty);
                tty_audit_add_data(tty, from, n);
                zero_buffer(tty, from, n);
                smp_store_release(&ldata->read_tail, ldata->read_tail + n);
                /* Turn single EOF into zero-length read */
                if (L_EXTPROC(tty) && ldata->icanon && is_eof &&
                    (head == ldata->read_tail))
                        return false;
                *kbp += n;
                *nr -= n;

                /* If we have more to copy, let the caller know */
                return head != ldata->read_tail;
        }
        return false;
}

/**
 *      canon_copy_from_read_buf        -       copy read data in canonical mode
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @kbp: data
 *      @nr: size of data
 *
 *      Helper function for n_tty_read.  It is only called when ICANON is on;
 *      it copies one line of input up to and including the line-delimiting
 *      character into the result buffer.
 *
 *      NB: When termios is changed from non-canonical to canonical mode and
 *      the read buffer contains data, n_tty_set_termios() simulates an EOF
 *      push (as if C-d were input) _without_ the DISABLED_CHAR in the buffer.
 *      This causes data already processed as input to be immediately available
 *      as input although a newline has not been received.
 *
 *      Called under the atomic_read_lock mutex
 *
 *      n_tty_read()/consumer path:
 *              caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 *              read_tail published
 */

static bool canon_copy_from_read_buf(struct tty_struct *tty,
                                     unsigned char **kbp,
                                     size_t *nr)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t n, size, more, c;
        size_t eol;
        size_t tail, canon_head;
        int found = 0;

        /* N.B. avoid overrun if nr == 0 */
        if (!*nr)
                return false;

        canon_head = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->canon_head);
        n = min(*nr, canon_head - ldata->read_tail);

        tail = ldata->read_tail & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1);
        size = min_t(size_t, tail + n, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);

        n_tty_trace("%s: nr:%zu tail:%zu n:%zu size:%zu\n",
                    __func__, *nr, tail, n, size);

        eol = find_next_bit(ldata->read_flags, size, tail);
        more = n - (size - tail);
        if (eol == N_TTY_BUF_SIZE && more) {
                /* scan wrapped without finding set bit */
                eol = find_next_bit(ldata->read_flags, more, 0);
                found = eol != more;
        } else
                found = eol != size;

        n = eol - tail;
        if (n > N_TTY_BUF_SIZE)
                n += N_TTY_BUF_SIZE;
        c = n + found;

        if (!found || read_buf(ldata, eol) != __DISABLED_CHAR)
                n = c;

        n_tty_trace("%s: eol:%zu found:%d n:%zu c:%zu tail:%zu more:%zu\n",
                    __func__, eol, found, n, c, tail, more);

        tty_copy(tty, *kbp, tail, n);
        *kbp += n;
        *nr -= n;

        if (found)
                clear_bit(eol, ldata->read_flags);
        smp_store_release(&ldata->read_tail, ldata->read_tail + c);

        if (found) {
                if (!ldata->push)
                        ldata->line_start = ldata->read_tail;
                else
                        ldata->push = 0;
                tty_audit_push();
                return false;
        }

        /* No EOL found - do a continuation retry if there is more data */
        return ldata->read_tail != canon_head;
}

/*
 * If we finished a read at the exact location of an
 * EOF (special EOL character that's a __DISABLED_CHAR)
 * in the stream, silently eat the EOF.
 */
static void canon_skip_eof(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        size_t tail, canon_head;

        canon_head = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->canon_head);
        tail = ldata->read_tail;

        // No data?
        if (tail == canon_head)
                return;

        // See if the tail position is EOF in the circular buffer
        tail &= (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1);
        if (!test_bit(tail, ldata->read_flags))
                return;
        if (read_buf(ldata, tail) != __DISABLED_CHAR)
                return;

        // Clear the EOL bit, skip the EOF char.
        clear_bit(tail, ldata->read_flags);
        smp_store_release(&ldata->read_tail, ldata->read_tail + 1);
}

/**
 *      job_control             -       check job control
 *      @tty: tty
 *      @file: file handle
 *
 *      Perform job control management checks on this file/tty descriptor
 *      and if appropriate send any needed signals and return a negative
 *      error code if action should be taken.
 *
 *      Locking: redirected write test is safe
 *               current->signal->tty check is safe
 *               ctrl_lock to safely reference tty->pgrp
 */

static int job_control(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file)
{
        /* Job control check -- must be done at start and after
           every sleep (POSIX.1 7.1.1.4). */
        /* NOTE: not yet done after every sleep pending a thorough
           check of the logic of this change. -- jlc */
        /* don't stop on /dev/console */
        if (file->f_op->write_iter == redirected_tty_write)
                return 0;

        return __tty_check_change(tty, SIGTTIN);
}


/**
 *      n_tty_read              -       read function for tty
 *      @tty: tty device
 *      @file: file object
 *      @buf: userspace buffer pointer
 *      @nr: size of I/O
 *
 *      Perform reads for the line discipline. We are guaranteed that the
 *      line discipline will not be closed under us but we may get multiple
 *      parallel readers and must handle this ourselves. We may also get
 *      a hangup. Always called in user context, may sleep.
 *
 *      This code must be sure never to sleep through a hangup.
 *
 *      n_tty_read()/consumer path:
 *              claims non-exclusive termios_rwsem
 *              publishes read_tail
 */

static ssize_t n_tty_read(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
                          unsigned char *kbuf, size_t nr,
                          void **cookie, unsigned long offset)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        unsigned char *kb = kbuf;
        DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(wait, woken_wake_function);
        int c;
        int minimum, time;
        ssize_t retval = 0;
        long timeout;
        int packet;
        size_t tail;

        /*
         * Is this a continuation of a read started earler?
         *
         * If so, we still hold the atomic_read_lock and the
         * termios_rwsem, and can just continue to copy data.
         */
        if (*cookie) {
                if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
                        /*
                         * If we have filled the user buffer, see
                         * if we should skip an EOF character before
                         * releasing the lock and returning done.
                         */
                        if (!nr)
                                canon_skip_eof(tty);
                        else if (canon_copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr))
                                return kb - kbuf;
                } else {
                        if (copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr))
                                return kb - kbuf;
                }

                /* No more data - release locks and stop retries */
                n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
                n_tty_check_unthrottle(tty);
                up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                mutex_unlock(&ldata->atomic_read_lock);
                *cookie = NULL;
                return kb - kbuf;
        }

        c = job_control(tty, file);
        if (c < 0)
                return c;

        /*
         *      Internal serialization of reads.
         */
        if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
                if (!mutex_trylock(&ldata->atomic_read_lock))
                        return -EAGAIN;
        } else {
                if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&ldata->atomic_read_lock))
                        return -ERESTARTSYS;
        }

        down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

        minimum = time = 0;
        timeout = MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;
        if (!ldata->icanon) {
                minimum = MIN_CHAR(tty);
                if (minimum) {
                        time = (HZ / 10) * TIME_CHAR(tty);
                } else {
                        timeout = (HZ / 10) * TIME_CHAR(tty);
                        minimum = 1;
                }
        }

        packet = tty->packet;
        tail = ldata->read_tail;

        add_wait_queue(&tty->read_wait, &wait);
        while (nr) {
                /* First test for status change. */
                if (packet && tty->link->ctrl_status) {
                        unsigned char cs;
                        if (kb != kbuf)
                                break;
                        spin_lock_irq(&tty->link->ctrl_lock);
                        cs = tty->link->ctrl_status;
                        tty->link->ctrl_status = 0;
                        spin_unlock_irq(&tty->link->ctrl_lock);
                        *kb++ = cs;
                        nr--;
                        break;
                }

                if (!input_available_p(tty, 0)) {
                        up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                        tty_buffer_flush_work(tty->port);
                        down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                        if (!input_available_p(tty, 0)) {
                                if (test_bit(TTY_OTHER_CLOSED, &tty->flags)) {
                                        retval = -EIO;
                                        break;
                                }
                                if (tty_hung_up_p(file))
                                        break;
                                /*
                                 * Abort readers for ttys which never actually
                                 * get hung up.  See __tty_hangup().
                                 */
                                if (test_bit(TTY_HUPPING, &tty->flags))
                                        break;
                                if (!timeout)
                                        break;
                                if (tty_io_nonblock(tty, file)) {
                                        retval = -EAGAIN;
                                        break;
                                }
                                if (signal_pending(current)) {
                                        retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
                                        break;
                                }
                                up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

                                timeout = wait_woken(&wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE,
                                                timeout);

                                down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                                continue;
                        }
                }

                if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
                        if (canon_copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr))
                                goto more_to_be_read;
                } else {
                        /* Deal with packet mode. */
                        if (packet && kb == kbuf) {
                                *kb++ = TIOCPKT_DATA;
                                nr--;
                        }

                        /*
                         * Copy data, and if there is more to be had
                         * and we have nothing more to wait for, then
                         * let's mark us for retries.
                         *
                         * NOTE! We return here with both the termios_sem
                         * and atomic_read_lock still held, the retries
                         * will release them when done.
                         */
                        if (copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr) && kb - kbuf >= minimum) {
more_to_be_read:
                                remove_wait_queue(&tty->read_wait, &wait);
                                *cookie = cookie;
                                return kb - kbuf;
                        }
                }

                n_tty_check_unthrottle(tty);

                if (kb - kbuf >= minimum)
                        break;
                if (time)
                        timeout = time;
        }
        if (tail != ldata->read_tail)
                n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
        up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

        remove_wait_queue(&tty->read_wait, &wait);
        mutex_unlock(&ldata->atomic_read_lock);

        if (kb - kbuf)
                retval = kb - kbuf;

        return retval;
}

/**
 *      n_tty_write             -       write function for tty
 *      @tty: tty device
 *      @file: file object
 *      @buf: userspace buffer pointer
 *      @nr: size of I/O
 *
 *      Write function of the terminal device.  This is serialized with
 *      respect to other write callers but not to termios changes, reads
 *      and other such events.  Since the receive code will echo characters,
 *      thus calling driver write methods, the output_lock is used in
 *      the output processing functions called here as well as in the
 *      echo processing function to protect the column state and space
 *      left in the buffer.
 *
 *      This code must be sure never to sleep through a hangup.
 *
 *      Locking: output_lock to protect column state and space left
 *               (note that the process_output*() functions take this
 *                lock themselves)
 */

static ssize_t n_tty_write(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
                           const unsigned char *buf, size_t nr)
{
        const unsigned char *b = buf;
        DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(wait, woken_wake_function);
        int c;
        ssize_t retval = 0;

        /* Job control check -- must be done at start (POSIX.1 7.1.1.4). */
        if (L_TOSTOP(tty) && file->f_op->write_iter != redirected_tty_write) {
                retval = tty_check_change(tty);
                if (retval)
                        return retval;
        }

        down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

        /* Write out any echoed characters that are still pending */
        process_echoes(tty);

        add_wait_queue(&tty->write_wait, &wait);
        while (1) {
                if (signal_pending(current)) {
                        retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
                        break;
                }
                if (tty_hung_up_p(file) || (tty->link && !tty->link->count)) {
                        retval = -EIO;
                        break;
                }
                if (O_OPOST(tty)) {
                        while (nr > 0) {
                                ssize_t num = process_output_block(tty, b, nr);
                                if (num < 0) {
                                        if (num == -EAGAIN)
                                                break;
                                        retval = num;
                                        goto break_out;
                                }
                                b += num;
                                nr -= num;
                                if (nr == 0)
                                        break;
                                c = *b;
                                if (process_output(c, tty) < 0)
                                        break;
                                b++; nr--;
                        }
                        if (tty->ops->flush_chars)
                                tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
                } else {
                        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;

                        while (nr > 0) {
                                mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
                                c = tty->ops->write(tty, b, nr);
                                mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
                                if (c < 0) {
                                        retval = c;
                                        goto break_out;
                                }
                                if (!c)
                                        break;
                                b += c;
                                nr -= c;
                        }
                }
                if (!nr)
                        break;
                if (tty_io_nonblock(tty, file)) {
                        retval = -EAGAIN;
                        break;
                }
                up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);

                wait_woken(&wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);

                down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
        }
break_out:
        remove_wait_queue(&tty->write_wait, &wait);
        if (nr && tty->fasync)
                set_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &tty->flags);
        up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
        return (b - buf) ? b - buf : retval;
}

/**
 *      n_tty_poll              -       poll method for N_TTY
 *      @tty: terminal device
 *      @file: file accessing it
 *      @wait: poll table
 *
 *      Called when the line discipline is asked to poll() for data or
 *      for special events. This code is not serialized with respect to
 *      other events save open/close.
 *
 *      This code must be sure never to sleep through a hangup.
 *      Called without the kernel lock held - fine
 */

static __poll_t n_tty_poll(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
                                                        poll_table *wait)
{
        __poll_t mask = 0;

        poll_wait(file, &tty->read_wait, wait);
        poll_wait(file, &tty->write_wait, wait);
        if (input_available_p(tty, 1))
                mask |= EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
        else {
                tty_buffer_flush_work(tty->port);
                if (input_available_p(tty, 1))
                        mask |= EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
        }
        if (tty->packet && tty->link->ctrl_status)
                mask |= EPOLLPRI | EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
        if (test_bit(TTY_OTHER_CLOSED, &tty->flags))
                mask |= EPOLLHUP;
        if (tty_hung_up_p(file))
                mask |= EPOLLHUP;
        if (tty->ops->write && !tty_is_writelocked(tty) &&
                        tty_chars_in_buffer(tty) < WAKEUP_CHARS &&
                        tty_write_room(tty) > 0)
                mask |= EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM;
        return mask;
}

static unsigned long inq_canon(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
{
        size_t nr, head, tail;

        if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_tail)
                return 0;
        head = ldata->canon_head;
        tail = ldata->read_tail;
        nr = head - tail;
        /* Skip EOF-chars.. */
        while (MASK(head) != MASK(tail)) {
                if (test_bit(tail & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1), ldata->read_flags) &&
                    read_buf(ldata, tail) == __DISABLED_CHAR)
                        nr--;
                tail++;
        }
        return nr;
}

static int n_tty_ioctl(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
                       unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
        struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
        int retval;

        switch (cmd) {
        case TIOCOUTQ:
                return put_user(tty_chars_in_buffer(tty), (int __user *) arg);
        case TIOCINQ:
                down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                if (L_ICANON(tty) && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
                        retval = inq_canon(ldata);
                else
                        retval = read_cnt(ldata);
                up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
                return put_user(retval, (unsigned int __user *) arg);
        default:
                return n_tty_ioctl_helper(tty, file, cmd, arg);
        }
}

static struct tty_ldisc_ops n_tty_ops = {
        .magic           = TTY_LDISC_MAGIC,
        .name            = "n_tty",
        .open            = n_tty_open,
        .close           = n_tty_close,
        .flush_buffer    = n_tty_flush_buffer,
        .read            = n_tty_read,
        .write           = n_tty_write,
        .ioctl           = n_tty_ioctl,
        .set_termios     = n_tty_set_termios,
        .poll            = n_tty_poll,
        .receive_buf     = n_tty_receive_buf,
        .write_wakeup    = n_tty_write_wakeup,
        .receive_buf2    = n_tty_receive_buf2,
};

/**
 *      n_tty_inherit_ops       -       inherit N_TTY methods
 *      @ops: struct tty_ldisc_ops where to save N_TTY methods
 *
 *      Enables a 'subclass' line discipline to 'inherit' N_TTY methods.
 */

void n_tty_inherit_ops(struct tty_ldisc_ops *ops)
{
        *ops = n_tty_ops;
        ops->owner = NULL;
        ops->refcount = ops->flags = 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(n_tty_inherit_ops);

void __init n_tty_init(void)
{
        tty_register_ldisc(N_TTY, &n_tty_ops);
}