2 * Copyright © 2009 - Maxim Levitsky
3 * SmartMedia/xD translation layer
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/random.h>
13 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
14 #include <linux/kthread.h>
15 #include <linux/freezer.h>
16 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
17 #include <linux/bitops.h>
18 #include <linux/slab.h>
19 #include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>
20 #include "nand/sm_common.h"
25 static struct workqueue_struct *cache_flush_workqueue;
27 static int cache_timeout = 1000;
28 module_param(cache_timeout, int, S_IRUGO);
29 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cache_timeout,
30 "Timeout (in ms) for cache flush (1000 ms default");
33 module_param(debug, int, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
34 MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug, "Debug level (0-2)");
37 /* ------------------- sysfs attributes ---------------------------------- */
38 struct sm_sysfs_attribute {
39 struct device_attribute dev_attr;
44 static ssize_t sm_attr_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
47 struct sm_sysfs_attribute *sm_attr =
48 container_of(attr, struct sm_sysfs_attribute, dev_attr);
50 strncpy(buf, sm_attr->data, sm_attr->len);
55 #define NUM_ATTRIBUTES 1
56 #define SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET 0x59
57 static struct attribute_group *sm_create_sysfs_attributes(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
59 struct attribute_group *attr_group;
60 struct attribute **attributes;
61 struct sm_sysfs_attribute *vendor_attribute;
64 vendor = kstrndup(ftl->cis_buffer + SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET,
65 SM_SMALL_PAGE - SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET, GFP_KERNEL);
69 /* Initialize sysfs attributes */
71 kzalloc(sizeof(struct sm_sysfs_attribute), GFP_KERNEL);
72 if (!vendor_attribute)
75 sysfs_attr_init(&vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr);
77 vendor_attribute->data = vendor;
78 vendor_attribute->len = strlen(vendor);
79 vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr.name = "vendor";
80 vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr.mode = S_IRUGO;
81 vendor_attribute->dev_attr.show = sm_attr_show;
84 /* Create array of pointers to the attributes */
85 attributes = kzalloc(sizeof(struct attribute *) * (NUM_ATTRIBUTES + 1),
89 attributes[0] = &vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr;
91 /* Finally create the attribute group */
92 attr_group = kzalloc(sizeof(struct attribute_group), GFP_KERNEL);
95 attr_group->attrs = attributes;
100 kfree(vendor_attribute);
107 static void sm_delete_sysfs_attributes(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
109 struct attribute **attributes = ftl->disk_attributes->attrs;
112 for (i = 0; attributes[i] ; i++) {
114 struct device_attribute *dev_attr = container_of(attributes[i],
115 struct device_attribute, attr);
117 struct sm_sysfs_attribute *sm_attr =
118 container_of(dev_attr,
119 struct sm_sysfs_attribute, dev_attr);
121 kfree(sm_attr->data);
125 kfree(ftl->disk_attributes->attrs);
126 kfree(ftl->disk_attributes);
130 /* ----------------------- oob helpers -------------------------------------- */
132 static int sm_get_lba(uint8_t *lba)
134 /* check fixed bits */
135 if ((lba[0] & 0xF8) != 0x10)
138 /* check parity - endianness doesn't matter */
139 if (hweight16(*(uint16_t *)lba) & 1)
142 return (lba[1] >> 1) | ((lba[0] & 0x07) << 7);
147 * Read LBA associated with block
148 * returns -1, if block is erased
149 * returns -2 if error happens
151 static int sm_read_lba(struct sm_oob *oob)
153 static const uint32_t erased_pattern[4] = {
154 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF };
159 /* First test for erased block */
160 if (!memcmp(oob, erased_pattern, SM_OOB_SIZE))
163 /* Now check is both copies of the LBA differ too much */
164 lba_test = *(uint16_t *)oob->lba_copy1 ^ *(uint16_t*)oob->lba_copy2;
165 if (lba_test && !is_power_of_2(lba_test))
169 lba = sm_get_lba(oob->lba_copy1);
172 lba = sm_get_lba(oob->lba_copy2);
177 static void sm_write_lba(struct sm_oob *oob, uint16_t lba)
181 WARN_ON(lba >= 1000);
183 tmp[0] = 0x10 | ((lba >> 7) & 0x07);
184 tmp[1] = (lba << 1) & 0xFF;
186 if (hweight16(*(uint16_t *)tmp) & 0x01)
189 oob->lba_copy1[0] = oob->lba_copy2[0] = tmp[0];
190 oob->lba_copy1[1] = oob->lba_copy2[1] = tmp[1];
194 /* Make offset from parts */
195 static loff_t sm_mkoffset(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block, int boffset)
197 WARN_ON(boffset & (SM_SECTOR_SIZE - 1));
198 WARN_ON(zone < 0 || zone >= ftl->zone_count);
199 WARN_ON(block >= ftl->zone_size);
200 WARN_ON(boffset >= ftl->block_size);
205 return (zone * SM_MAX_ZONE_SIZE + block) * ftl->block_size + boffset;
208 /* Breaks offset into parts */
209 static void sm_break_offset(struct sm_ftl *ftl, loff_t offset,
210 int *zone, int *block, int *boffset)
212 *boffset = do_div(offset, ftl->block_size);
213 *block = do_div(offset, ftl->max_lba);
214 *zone = offset >= ftl->zone_count ? -1 : offset;
217 /* ---------------------- low level IO ------------------------------------- */
219 static int sm_correct_sector(uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
223 __nand_calculate_ecc(buffer, SM_SMALL_PAGE, ecc);
224 if (__nand_correct_data(buffer, ecc, oob->ecc1, SM_SMALL_PAGE) < 0)
227 buffer += SM_SMALL_PAGE;
229 __nand_calculate_ecc(buffer, SM_SMALL_PAGE, ecc);
230 if (__nand_correct_data(buffer, ecc, oob->ecc2, SM_SMALL_PAGE) < 0)
235 /* Reads a sector + oob*/
236 static int sm_read_sector(struct sm_ftl *ftl,
237 int zone, int block, int boffset,
238 uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
240 struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
241 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
242 struct sm_oob tmp_oob;
246 /* FTL can contain -1 entries that are by default filled with bits */
248 memset(buffer, 0xFF, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
252 /* User might not need the oob, but we do for data verification */
256 ops.mode = ftl->smallpagenand ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
258 ops.ooblen = SM_OOB_SIZE;
259 ops.oobbuf = (void *)oob;
260 ops.len = SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
265 /* Avoid infinite recursion on CIS reads, sm_recheck_media
267 if (zone == 0 && block == ftl->cis_block && boffset ==
271 /* Test if media is stable */
272 if (try == 3 || sm_recheck_media(ftl))
276 /* Unfortunately, oob read will _always_ succeed,
277 despite card removal..... */
278 ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone, block, boffset), &ops);
280 /* Test for unknown errors */
281 if (ret != 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(ret)) {
282 dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed due to error (%d)",
287 /* Do a basic test on the oob, to guard against returned garbage */
288 if (oob->reserved != 0xFFFFFFFF && !is_power_of_2(~oob->reserved))
291 /* This should never happen, unless there is a bug in the mtd driver */
292 WARN_ON(ops.oobretlen != SM_OOB_SIZE);
293 WARN_ON(buffer && ops.retlen != SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
298 /* Test if sector marked as bad */
299 if (!sm_sector_valid(oob)) {
300 dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed because it is marked"
301 " as bad" , block, zone);
306 if (mtd_is_eccerr(ret) ||
307 (ftl->smallpagenand && sm_correct_sector(buffer, oob))) {
309 dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed due to ECC error",
317 /* Writes a sector to media */
318 static int sm_write_sector(struct sm_ftl *ftl,
319 int zone, int block, int boffset,
320 uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
322 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
323 struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
326 BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
328 if (zone == 0 && (block == ftl->cis_block || block == 0)) {
329 dbg("attempted to write the CIS!");
336 ops.mode = ftl->smallpagenand ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
337 ops.len = SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
340 ops.ooblen = SM_OOB_SIZE;
341 ops.oobbuf = (void *)oob;
343 ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone, block, boffset), &ops);
345 /* Now we assume that hardware will catch write bitflip errors */
348 dbg("write to block %d at zone %d, failed with error %d",
351 sm_recheck_media(ftl);
355 /* This should never happen, unless there is a bug in the driver */
356 WARN_ON(ops.oobretlen != SM_OOB_SIZE);
357 WARN_ON(buffer && ops.retlen != SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
362 /* ------------------------ block IO ------------------------------------- */
364 /* Write a block using data and lba, and invalid sector bitmap */
365 static int sm_write_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, uint8_t *buf,
366 int zone, int block, int lba,
367 unsigned long invalid_bitmap)
373 /* Initialize the oob with requested values */
374 memset(&oob, 0xFF, SM_OOB_SIZE);
375 sm_write_lba(&oob, lba);
380 for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size;
381 boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
383 oob.data_status = 0xFF;
385 if (test_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, &invalid_bitmap)) {
387 sm_printk("sector %d of block at LBA %d of zone %d"
388 " coudn't be read, marking it as invalid",
389 boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, lba, zone);
394 if (ftl->smallpagenand) {
395 __nand_calculate_ecc(buf + boffset,
396 SM_SMALL_PAGE, oob.ecc1);
398 __nand_calculate_ecc(buf + boffset + SM_SMALL_PAGE,
399 SM_SMALL_PAGE, oob.ecc2);
401 if (!sm_write_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset,
402 buf + boffset, &oob))
407 /* If write fails. try to erase the block */
408 /* This is safe, because we never write in blocks
409 that contain valuable data.
410 This is intended to repair block that are marked
411 as erased, but that isn't fully erased*/
413 if (sm_erase_block(ftl, zone, block, 0))
419 sm_mark_block_bad(ftl, zone, block);
427 /* Mark whole block at offset 'offs' as bad. */
428 static void sm_mark_block_bad(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block)
433 memset(&oob, 0xFF, SM_OOB_SIZE);
434 oob.block_status = 0xF0;
439 if (sm_recheck_media(ftl))
442 sm_printk("marking block %d of zone %d as bad", block, zone);
444 /* We aren't checking the return value, because we don't care */
445 /* This also fails on fake xD cards, but I guess these won't expose
446 any bad blocks till fail completely */
447 for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size; boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE)
448 sm_write_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset, NULL, &oob);
452 * Erase a block within a zone
453 * If erase succeeds, it updates free block fifo, otherwise marks block as bad
455 static int sm_erase_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num, uint16_t block,
458 struct ftl_zone *zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
459 struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
460 struct erase_info erase;
463 erase.callback = sm_erase_callback;
464 erase.addr = sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone_num, block, 0);
465 erase.len = ftl->block_size;
466 erase.priv = (u_long)ftl;
471 BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
473 if (zone_num == 0 && (block == ftl->cis_block || block == 0)) {
474 sm_printk("attempted to erase the CIS!");
478 if (mtd_erase(mtd, &erase)) {
479 sm_printk("erase of block %d in zone %d failed",
484 if (erase.state == MTD_ERASE_PENDING)
485 wait_for_completion(&ftl->erase_completion);
487 if (erase.state != MTD_ERASE_DONE) {
488 sm_printk("erase of block %d in zone %d failed after wait",
494 kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors,
495 (const unsigned char *)&block, sizeof(block));
499 sm_mark_block_bad(ftl, zone_num, block);
503 static void sm_erase_callback(struct erase_info *self)
505 struct sm_ftl *ftl = (struct sm_ftl *)self->priv;
506 complete(&ftl->erase_completion);
509 /* Thoroughly test that block is valid. */
510 static int sm_check_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block)
514 int lbas[] = { -3, 0, 0, 0 };
519 /* First just check that block doesn't look fishy */
520 /* Only blocks that are valid or are sliced in two parts, are
522 for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size;
523 boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
525 /* This shouldn't happen anyway */
526 if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset, NULL, &oob))
529 test_lba = sm_read_lba(&oob);
531 if (lbas[i] != test_lba)
532 lbas[++i] = test_lba;
534 /* If we found three different LBAs, something is fishy */
539 /* If the block is sliced (partially erased usually) erase it */
541 sm_erase_block(ftl, zone, block, 1);
548 /* ----------------- media scanning --------------------------------- */
549 static const struct chs_entry chs_table[] = {
557 { 128, 500, 16, 32 },
558 { 256, 1000, 16, 32 },
559 { 512, 1015, 32, 63 },
560 { 1024, 985, 33, 63 },
561 { 2048, 985, 33, 63 },
566 static const uint8_t cis_signature[] = {
567 0x01, 0x03, 0xD9, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x18, 0x02, 0xDF, 0x01, 0x20
569 /* Find out media parameters.
570 * This ideally has to be based on nand id, but for now device size is enough */
571 static int sm_get_media_info(struct sm_ftl *ftl, struct mtd_info *mtd)
574 int size_in_megs = mtd->size / (1024 * 1024);
576 ftl->readonly = mtd->type == MTD_ROM;
578 /* Manual settings for very old devices */
580 ftl->smallpagenand = 0;
582 switch (size_in_megs) {
584 /* 1 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia card (256 byte pages)*/
585 ftl->zone_size = 256;
587 ftl->block_size = 8 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
588 ftl->smallpagenand = 1;
592 /* 2 MiB flash SmartMedia (256 byte pages)*/
593 if (mtd->writesize == SM_SMALL_PAGE) {
594 ftl->zone_size = 512;
596 ftl->block_size = 8 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
597 ftl->smallpagenand = 1;
598 /* 2 MiB rom SmartMedia */
604 ftl->zone_size = 256;
606 ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
610 /* 4 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia device */
611 ftl->zone_size = 512;
613 ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
616 /* 8 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia device */
617 ftl->zone_size = 1024;
619 ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
622 /* Minimum xD size is 16MiB. Also, all xD cards have standard zone
623 sizes. SmartMedia cards exist up to 128 MiB and have same layout*/
624 if (size_in_megs >= 16) {
625 ftl->zone_count = size_in_megs / 16;
626 ftl->zone_size = 1024;
628 ftl->block_size = 32 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
631 /* Test for proper write,erase and oob sizes */
632 if (mtd->erasesize > ftl->block_size)
635 if (mtd->writesize > SM_SECTOR_SIZE)
638 if (ftl->smallpagenand && mtd->oobsize < SM_SMALL_OOB_SIZE)
641 if (!ftl->smallpagenand && mtd->oobsize < SM_OOB_SIZE)
645 if (!mtd_has_oob(mtd))
648 /* Find geometry information */
649 for (i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chs_table) ; i++) {
650 if (chs_table[i].size == size_in_megs) {
651 ftl->cylinders = chs_table[i].cyl;
652 ftl->heads = chs_table[i].head;
653 ftl->sectors = chs_table[i].sec;
658 sm_printk("media has unknown size : %dMiB", size_in_megs);
659 ftl->cylinders = 985;
665 /* Validate the CIS */
666 static int sm_read_cis(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
670 if (sm_read_sector(ftl,
671 0, ftl->cis_block, ftl->cis_boffset, ftl->cis_buffer, &oob))
674 if (!sm_sector_valid(&oob) || !sm_block_valid(&oob))
677 if (!memcmp(ftl->cis_buffer + ftl->cis_page_offset,
678 cis_signature, sizeof(cis_signature))) {
685 /* Scan the media for the CIS */
686 static int sm_find_cis(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
693 /* Search for first valid block */
694 for (block = 0 ; block < ftl->zone_size - ftl->max_lba ; block++) {
696 if (sm_read_sector(ftl, 0, block, 0, NULL, &oob))
699 if (!sm_block_valid(&oob))
708 /* Search for first valid sector in this block */
709 for (boffset = 0 ; boffset < ftl->block_size;
710 boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
712 if (sm_read_sector(ftl, 0, block, boffset, NULL, &oob))
715 if (!sm_sector_valid(&oob))
720 if (boffset == ftl->block_size)
723 ftl->cis_block = block;
724 ftl->cis_boffset = boffset;
725 ftl->cis_page_offset = 0;
727 cis_found = !sm_read_cis(ftl);
730 ftl->cis_page_offset = SM_SMALL_PAGE;
731 cis_found = !sm_read_cis(ftl);
735 dbg("CIS block found at offset %x",
736 block * ftl->block_size +
737 boffset + ftl->cis_page_offset);
743 /* Basic test to determine if underlying mtd device if functional */
744 static int sm_recheck_media(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
746 if (sm_read_cis(ftl)) {
748 if (!ftl->unstable) {
749 sm_printk("media unstable, not allowing writes");
757 /* Initialize a FTL zone */
758 static int sm_init_zone(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num)
760 struct ftl_zone *zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
767 dbg("initializing zone %d", zone_num);
769 /* Allocate memory for FTL table */
770 zone->lba_to_phys_table = kmalloc(ftl->max_lba * 2, GFP_KERNEL);
772 if (!zone->lba_to_phys_table)
774 memset(zone->lba_to_phys_table, -1, ftl->max_lba * 2);
777 /* Allocate memory for free sectors FIFO */
778 if (kfifo_alloc(&zone->free_sectors, ftl->zone_size * 2, GFP_KERNEL)) {
779 kfree(zone->lba_to_phys_table);
783 /* Now scan the zone */
784 for (block = 0 ; block < ftl->zone_size ; block++) {
786 /* Skip blocks till the CIS (including) */
787 if (zone_num == 0 && block <= ftl->cis_block)
790 /* Read the oob of first sector */
791 if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone_num, block, 0, NULL, &oob))
794 /* Test to see if block is erased. It is enough to test
795 first sector, because erase happens in one shot */
796 if (sm_block_erased(&oob)) {
797 kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors,
798 (unsigned char *)&block, 2);
802 /* If block is marked as bad, skip it */
803 /* This assumes we can trust first sector*/
804 /* However the way the block valid status is defined, ensures
805 very low probability of failure here */
806 if (!sm_block_valid(&oob)) {
807 dbg("PH %04d <-> <marked bad>", block);
812 lba = sm_read_lba(&oob);
814 /* Invalid LBA means that block is damaged. */
815 /* We can try to erase it, or mark it as bad, but
816 lets leave that to recovery application */
817 if (lba == -2 || lba >= ftl->max_lba) {
818 dbg("PH %04d <-> LBA %04d(bad)", block, lba);
823 /* If there is no collision,
824 just put the sector in the FTL table */
825 if (zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] < 0) {
826 dbg_verbose("PH %04d <-> LBA %04d", block, lba);
827 zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] = block;
831 sm_printk("collision"
832 " of LBA %d between blocks %d and %d in zone %d",
833 lba, zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba], block, zone_num);
835 /* Test that this block is valid*/
836 if (sm_check_block(ftl, zone_num, block))
839 /* Test now the old block */
840 if (sm_check_block(ftl, zone_num,
841 zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba])) {
842 zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] = block;
846 /* If both blocks are valid and share same LBA, it means that
847 they hold different versions of same data. It not
848 known which is more recent, thus just erase one of them
850 sm_printk("both blocks are valid, erasing the later");
851 sm_erase_block(ftl, zone_num, block, 1);
854 dbg("zone initialized");
855 zone->initialized = 1;
857 /* No free sectors, means that the zone is heavily damaged, write won't
858 work, but it can still can be (partially) read */
859 if (!kfifo_len(&zone->free_sectors)) {
860 sm_printk("no free blocks in zone %d", zone_num);
864 /* Randomize first block we write to */
865 get_random_bytes(&i, 2);
866 i %= (kfifo_len(&zone->free_sectors) / 2);
869 len = kfifo_out(&zone->free_sectors,
870 (unsigned char *)&block, 2);
872 kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors, (const unsigned char *)&block, 2);
877 /* Get and automatically initialize an FTL mapping for one zone */
878 static struct ftl_zone *sm_get_zone(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num)
880 struct ftl_zone *zone;
883 BUG_ON(zone_num >= ftl->zone_count);
884 zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
886 if (!zone->initialized) {
887 error = sm_init_zone(ftl, zone_num);
890 return ERR_PTR(error);
896 /* ----------------- cache handling ------------------------------------------*/
898 /* Initialize the one block cache */
899 static void sm_cache_init(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
901 ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap = 0xFFFFFFFF;
902 ftl->cache_clean = 1;
903 ftl->cache_zone = -1;
904 ftl->cache_block = -1;
905 /*memset(ftl->cache_data, 0xAA, ftl->block_size);*/
908 /* Put sector in one block cache */
909 static void sm_cache_put(struct sm_ftl *ftl, char *buffer, int boffset)
911 memcpy(ftl->cache_data + boffset, buffer, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
912 clear_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap);
913 ftl->cache_clean = 0;
916 /* Read a sector from the cache */
917 static int sm_cache_get(struct sm_ftl *ftl, char *buffer, int boffset)
919 if (test_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
920 &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap))
923 memcpy(buffer, ftl->cache_data + boffset, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
927 /* Write the cache to hardware */
928 static int sm_cache_flush(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
930 struct ftl_zone *zone;
933 uint16_t write_sector;
934 int zone_num = ftl->cache_zone;
937 if (ftl->cache_clean)
943 BUG_ON(zone_num < 0);
944 zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
945 block_num = zone->lba_to_phys_table[ftl->cache_block];
948 /* Try to read all unread areas of the cache block*/
949 for_each_set_bit(sector_num, &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap,
950 ftl->block_size / SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
952 if (!sm_read_sector(ftl,
953 zone_num, block_num, sector_num * SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
954 ftl->cache_data + sector_num * SM_SECTOR_SIZE, NULL))
955 clear_bit(sector_num,
956 &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap);
963 /* If there are no spare blocks, */
964 /* we could still continue by erasing/writing the current block,
965 but for such worn out media it doesn't worth the trouble,
967 if (kfifo_out(&zone->free_sectors,
968 (unsigned char *)&write_sector, 2) != 2) {
969 dbg("no free sectors for write!");
974 if (sm_write_block(ftl, ftl->cache_data, zone_num, write_sector,
975 ftl->cache_block, ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap))
978 /* Update the FTL table */
979 zone->lba_to_phys_table[ftl->cache_block] = write_sector;
981 /* Write succesfull, so erase and free the old block */
983 sm_erase_block(ftl, zone_num, block_num, 1);
990 /* flush timer, runs a second after last write */
991 static void sm_cache_flush_timer(unsigned long data)
993 struct sm_ftl *ftl = (struct sm_ftl *)data;
994 queue_work(cache_flush_workqueue, &ftl->flush_work);
997 /* cache flush work, kicked by timer */
998 static void sm_cache_flush_work(struct work_struct *work)
1000 struct sm_ftl *ftl = container_of(work, struct sm_ftl, flush_work);
1001 mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1002 sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1003 mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1007 /* ---------------- outside interface -------------------------------------- */
1009 /* outside interface: read a sector */
1010 static int sm_read(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1011 unsigned long sect_no, char *buf)
1013 struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1014 struct ftl_zone *zone;
1015 int error = 0, in_cache = 0;
1016 int zone_num, block, boffset;
1018 sm_break_offset(ftl, sect_no << 9, &zone_num, &block, &boffset);
1019 mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1022 zone = sm_get_zone(ftl, zone_num);
1024 error = PTR_ERR(zone);
1028 /* Have to look at cache first */
1029 if (ftl->cache_zone == zone_num && ftl->cache_block == block) {
1031 if (!sm_cache_get(ftl, buf, boffset))
1035 /* Translate the block and return if doesn't exist in the table */
1036 block = zone->lba_to_phys_table[block];
1039 memset(buf, 0xFF, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
1043 if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone_num, block, boffset, buf, NULL)) {
1049 sm_cache_put(ftl, buf, boffset);
1051 mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1055 /* outside interface: write a sector */
1056 static int sm_write(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1057 unsigned long sec_no, char *buf)
1059 struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1060 struct ftl_zone *zone;
1061 int error = 0, zone_num, block, boffset;
1063 BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
1064 sm_break_offset(ftl, sec_no << 9, &zone_num, &block, &boffset);
1066 /* No need in flush thread running now */
1067 del_timer(&ftl->timer);
1068 mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1070 zone = sm_get_zone(ftl, zone_num);
1072 error = PTR_ERR(zone);
1076 /* If entry is not in cache, flush it */
1077 if (ftl->cache_block != block || ftl->cache_zone != zone_num) {
1079 error = sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1083 ftl->cache_block = block;
1084 ftl->cache_zone = zone_num;
1087 sm_cache_put(ftl, buf, boffset);
1089 mod_timer(&ftl->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(cache_timeout));
1090 mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1094 /* outside interface: flush everything */
1095 static int sm_flush(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1097 struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1100 mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1101 retval = sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1102 mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1106 /* outside interface: device is released */
1107 static void sm_release(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1109 struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1111 mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1112 del_timer_sync(&ftl->timer);
1113 cancel_work_sync(&ftl->flush_work);
1114 sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1115 mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1118 /* outside interface: get geometry */
1119 static int sm_getgeo(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
1121 struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1122 geo->heads = ftl->heads;
1123 geo->sectors = ftl->sectors;
1124 geo->cylinders = ftl->cylinders;
1128 /* external interface: main initialization function */
1129 static void sm_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
1131 struct mtd_blktrans_dev *trans;
1134 /* Allocate & initialize our private structure */
1135 ftl = kzalloc(sizeof(struct sm_ftl), GFP_KERNEL);
1140 mutex_init(&ftl->mutex);
1141 setup_timer(&ftl->timer, sm_cache_flush_timer, (unsigned long)ftl);
1142 INIT_WORK(&ftl->flush_work, sm_cache_flush_work);
1143 init_completion(&ftl->erase_completion);
1145 /* Read media information */
1146 if (sm_get_media_info(ftl, mtd)) {
1147 dbg("found unsupported mtd device, aborting");
1152 /* Allocate temporary CIS buffer for read retry support */
1153 ftl->cis_buffer = kzalloc(SM_SECTOR_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
1154 if (!ftl->cis_buffer)
1157 /* Allocate zone array, it will be initialized on demand */
1158 ftl->zones = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ftl_zone) * ftl->zone_count,
1163 /* Allocate the cache*/
1164 ftl->cache_data = kzalloc(ftl->block_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1166 if (!ftl->cache_data)
1172 /* Allocate upper layer structure and initialize it */
1173 trans = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtd_blktrans_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1183 trans->size = (ftl->block_size * ftl->max_lba * ftl->zone_count) >> 9;
1184 trans->readonly = ftl->readonly;
1186 if (sm_find_cis(ftl)) {
1187 dbg("CIS not found on mtd device, aborting");
1191 ftl->disk_attributes = sm_create_sysfs_attributes(ftl);
1192 if (!ftl->disk_attributes)
1194 trans->disk_attributes = ftl->disk_attributes;
1196 sm_printk("Found %d MiB xD/SmartMedia FTL on mtd%d",
1197 (int)(mtd->size / (1024 * 1024)), mtd->index);
1200 dbg("%d zone(s), each consists of %d blocks (+%d spares)",
1201 ftl->zone_count, ftl->max_lba,
1202 ftl->zone_size - ftl->max_lba);
1203 dbg("each block consists of %d bytes",
1207 /* Register device*/
1208 if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(trans)) {
1209 dbg("error in mtdblktrans layer");
1216 kfree(ftl->cache_data);
1220 kfree(ftl->cis_buffer);
1227 /* main interface: device {surprise,} removal */
1228 static void sm_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1230 struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1233 del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
1236 for (i = 0 ; i < ftl->zone_count; i++) {
1238 if (!ftl->zones[i].initialized)
1241 kfree(ftl->zones[i].lba_to_phys_table);
1242 kfifo_free(&ftl->zones[i].free_sectors);
1245 sm_delete_sysfs_attributes(ftl);
1246 kfree(ftl->cis_buffer);
1248 kfree(ftl->cache_data);
1252 static struct mtd_blktrans_ops sm_ftl_ops = {
1255 .part_bits = SM_FTL_PARTN_BITS,
1256 .blksize = SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
1257 .getgeo = sm_getgeo,
1259 .add_mtd = sm_add_mtd,
1260 .remove_dev = sm_remove_dev,
1262 .readsect = sm_read,
1263 .writesect = sm_write,
1266 .release = sm_release,
1268 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
1271 static __init int sm_module_init(void)
1275 cache_flush_workqueue = create_freezable_workqueue("smflush");
1276 if (!cache_flush_workqueue)
1279 error = register_mtd_blktrans(&sm_ftl_ops);
1281 destroy_workqueue(cache_flush_workqueue);
1286 static void __exit sm_module_exit(void)
1288 destroy_workqueue(cache_flush_workqueue);
1289 deregister_mtd_blktrans(&sm_ftl_ops);
1292 module_init(sm_module_init);
1293 module_exit(sm_module_exit);
1295 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1296 MODULE_AUTHOR("Maxim Levitsky <maximlevitsky@gmail.com>");
1297 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Smartmedia/xD mtd translation layer");