1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Firmware replacement code.
5 * Work around broken BIOSes that don't set an aperture, only set the
6 * aperture in the AGP bridge, or set too small aperture.
8 * If all fails map the aperture over some low memory. This is cheaper than
9 * doing bounce buffering. The memory is lost. This is done at early boot
10 * because only the bootmem allocator can allocate 32+MB.
12 * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "AGP: " fmt
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/types.h>
18 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/memblock.h>
20 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
21 #include <linux/pci_ids.h>
22 #include <linux/pci.h>
23 #include <linux/bitops.h>
24 #include <linux/suspend.h>
25 #include <asm/e820/api.h>
27 #include <asm/iommu.h>
29 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
31 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
32 #include <asm/x86_init.h>
33 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
36 * Using 512M as goal, in case kexec will load kernel_big
37 * that will do the on-position decompress, and could overlap with
38 * with the gart aperture that is used.
41 * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or gart still enabled)
42 * ==> kernel_small (gart area become e820_reserved)
43 * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or gart still enabled)
44 * ==> kerne_big (uncompressed size will be big than 64M or 128M)
45 * So don't use 512M below as gart iommu, leave the space for kernel
48 #define GART_MIN_ADDR (512ULL << 20)
49 #define GART_MAX_ADDR (1ULL << 32)
51 int gart_iommu_aperture;
52 int gart_iommu_aperture_disabled __initdata;
53 int gart_iommu_aperture_allowed __initdata;
55 int fallback_aper_order __initdata = 1; /* 64MB */
56 int fallback_aper_force __initdata;
58 int fix_aperture __initdata = 1;
60 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
62 * If the first kernel maps the aperture over e820 RAM, the kdump kernel will
63 * use the same range because it will remain configured in the northbridge.
64 * Trying to dump this area via /proc/vmcore may crash the machine, so exclude
67 static unsigned long aperture_pfn_start, aperture_page_count;
69 static int gart_oldmem_pfn_is_ram(unsigned long pfn)
71 return likely((pfn < aperture_pfn_start) ||
72 (pfn >= aperture_pfn_start + aperture_page_count));
75 static void exclude_from_vmcore(u64 aper_base, u32 aper_order)
77 aperture_pfn_start = aper_base >> PAGE_SHIFT;
78 aperture_page_count = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order >> PAGE_SHIFT;
79 WARN_ON(register_oldmem_pfn_is_ram(&gart_oldmem_pfn_is_ram));
82 static void exclude_from_vmcore(u64 aper_base, u32 aper_order)
87 /* This code runs before the PCI subsystem is initialized, so just
88 access the northbridge directly. */
90 static u32 __init allocate_aperture(void)
95 /* aper_size should <= 1G */
96 if (fallback_aper_order > 5)
97 fallback_aper_order = 5;
98 aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << fallback_aper_order;
101 * Aperture has to be naturally aligned. This means a 2GB aperture
102 * won't have much chance of finding a place in the lower 4GB of
103 * memory. Unfortunately we cannot move it up because that would
104 * make the IOMMU useless.
106 addr = memblock_find_in_range(GART_MIN_ADDR, GART_MAX_ADDR,
107 aper_size, aper_size);
109 pr_err("Cannot allocate aperture memory hole [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] (%uKB)\n",
110 addr, addr + aper_size - 1, aper_size >> 10);
113 memblock_reserve(addr, aper_size);
114 pr_info("Mapping aperture over RAM [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] (%uKB)\n",
115 addr, addr + aper_size - 1, aper_size >> 10);
116 register_nosave_region(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
117 (addr+aper_size) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
123 /* Find a PCI capability */
124 static u32 __init find_cap(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap)
129 if (!(read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, PCI_STATUS) &
130 PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST))
133 pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST);
134 for (bytes = 0; bytes < 48 && pos >= 0x40; bytes++) {
138 id = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_ID);
143 pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
144 pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT);
149 /* Read a standard AGPv3 bridge header */
150 static u32 __init read_agp(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap, u32 *order)
155 u32 aper_low, aper_hi;
159 pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x:%02x: AGP bridge\n", bus, slot, func);
160 apsizereg = read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, cap + 0x14);
161 if (apsizereg == 0xffffffff) {
162 pr_err("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: APSIZE unreadable\n",
167 /* old_order could be the value from NB gart setting */
170 apsize = apsizereg & 0xfff;
171 /* Some BIOS use weird encodings not in the AGPv3 table. */
174 nbits = hweight16(apsize);
176 if ((int)*order < 0) /* < 32MB */
179 aper_low = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x10);
180 aper_hi = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x14);
181 aper = (aper_low & ~((1<<22)-1)) | ((u64)aper_hi << 32);
184 * On some sick chips, APSIZE is 0. It means it wants 4G
185 * so let double check that order, and lets trust AMD NB settings:
187 pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (old size %uMB)\n",
188 bus, slot, func, aper, aper + (32ULL << (old_order + 20)) - 1,
190 if (aper + (32ULL<<(20 + *order)) > 0x100000000ULL) {
191 pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture size %uMB (APSIZE %#x) is not right, using settings from NB\n",
192 bus, slot, func, 32 << *order, apsizereg);
196 pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (%uMB, APSIZE %#x)\n",
197 bus, slot, func, aper, aper + (32ULL << (*order + 20)) - 1,
198 32 << *order, apsizereg);
200 if (!aperture_valid(aper, (32*1024*1024) << *order, 32<<20))
206 * Look for an AGP bridge. Windows only expects the aperture in the
207 * AGP bridge and some BIOS forget to initialize the Northbridge too.
208 * Work around this here.
210 * Do an PCI bus scan by hand because we're running before the PCI
213 * All AMD AGP bridges are AGPv3 compliant, so we can do this scan
214 * generically. It's probably overkill to always scan all slots because
215 * the AGP bridges should be always an own bus on the HT hierarchy,
216 * but do it here for future safety.
218 static u32 __init search_agp_bridge(u32 *order, int *valid_agp)
222 /* Poor man's PCI discovery */
223 for (bus = 0; bus < 256; bus++) {
224 for (slot = 0; slot < 32; slot++) {
225 for (func = 0; func < 8; func++) {
228 class = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func,
230 if (class == 0xffffffff)
233 switch (class >> 16) {
234 case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST:
235 case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_OTHER: /* needed? */
237 cap = find_cap(bus, slot, func,
242 return read_agp(bus, slot, func, cap,
246 /* No multi-function device? */
247 type = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
254 pr_info("No AGP bridge found\n");
259 static bool gart_fix_e820 __initdata = true;
261 static int __init parse_gart_mem(char *p)
263 return kstrtobool(p, &gart_fix_e820);
265 early_param("gart_fix_e820", parse_gart_mem);
267 void __init early_gart_iommu_check(void)
270 * in case it is enabled before, esp for kexec/kdump,
271 * previous kernel already enable that. memset called
272 * by allocate_aperture/__alloc_bootmem_nopanic cause restart.
273 * or second kernel have different position for GART hole. and new
274 * kernel could use hole as RAM that is still used by GART set by
276 * or BIOS forget to put that in reserved.
277 * try to update e820 to make that region as reserved.
279 u32 agp_aper_order = 0;
280 int i, fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
282 u32 aper_size = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
283 u64 aper_base = 0, last_aper_base = 0;
284 int aper_enabled = 0, last_aper_enabled = 0, last_valid = 0;
286 if (!amd_gart_present())
289 if (!early_pci_allowed())
292 /* This is mostly duplicate of iommu_hole_init */
293 search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
296 for (i = 0; amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
298 int dev_base, dev_limit;
300 bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
301 dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
302 dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
304 for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
305 if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
308 ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
309 aper_enabled = ctl & GARTEN;
310 aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
311 aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
312 aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
316 if ((aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
317 (aper_base != last_aper_base) ||
318 (aper_enabled != last_aper_enabled)) {
324 last_aper_order = aper_order;
325 last_aper_base = aper_base;
326 last_aper_enabled = aper_enabled;
331 if (!fix && !aper_enabled)
334 if (!aper_base || !aper_size || aper_base + aper_size > 0x100000000UL)
337 if (gart_fix_e820 && !fix && aper_enabled) {
338 if (e820__mapped_any(aper_base, aper_base + aper_size,
340 /* reserve it, so we can reuse it in second kernel */
341 pr_info("e820: reserve [mem %#010Lx-%#010Lx] for GART\n",
342 aper_base, aper_base + aper_size - 1);
343 e820__range_add(aper_base, aper_size, E820_TYPE_RESERVED);
344 e820__update_table_print();
351 /* disable them all at first */
352 for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
354 int dev_base, dev_limit;
356 bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
357 dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
358 dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
360 for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
361 if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
364 ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
366 write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
372 static int __initdata printed_gart_size_msg;
374 int __init gart_iommu_hole_init(void)
376 u32 agp_aper_base = 0, agp_aper_order = 0;
377 u32 aper_size, aper_alloc = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
378 u64 aper_base, last_aper_base = 0;
379 int fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
382 if (!amd_gart_present())
385 if (gart_iommu_aperture_disabled || !fix_aperture ||
386 !early_pci_allowed())
389 pr_info("Checking aperture...\n");
391 if (!fallback_aper_force)
392 agp_aper_base = search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
396 for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
398 int dev_base, dev_limit;
401 bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
402 dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
403 dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
405 for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
406 if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
410 gart_iommu_aperture = 1;
411 x86_init.iommu.iommu_init = gart_iommu_init;
413 ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3,
414 AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
417 * Before we do anything else disable the GART. It may
418 * still be enabled if we boot into a crash-kernel here.
419 * Reconfiguring the GART while it is enabled could have
420 * unknown side-effects.
423 write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
425 aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
426 aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
427 aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
430 pr_info("Node %d: aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (%uMB)\n",
431 node, aper_base, aper_base + aper_size - 1,
435 if (!aperture_valid(aper_base, aper_size, 64<<20)) {
436 if (valid_agp && agp_aper_base &&
437 agp_aper_base == aper_base &&
438 agp_aper_order == aper_order) {
439 /* the same between two setting from NB and agp */
441 max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN &&
442 !printed_gart_size_msg) {
443 pr_err("you are using iommu with agp, but GART size is less than 64MB\n");
444 pr_err("please increase GART size in your BIOS setup\n");
445 pr_err("if BIOS doesn't have that option, contact your HW vendor!\n");
446 printed_gart_size_msg = 1;
454 if ((last_aper_order && aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
455 (last_aper_base && aper_base != last_aper_base)) {
459 last_aper_order = aper_order;
460 last_aper_base = aper_base;
465 if (!fix && !fallback_aper_force) {
466 if (last_aper_base) {
468 * If this is the kdump kernel, the first kernel
469 * may have allocated the range over its e820 RAM
470 * and fixed up the northbridge
472 exclude_from_vmcore(last_aper_base, last_aper_order);
479 if (!fallback_aper_force) {
480 aper_alloc = agp_aper_base;
481 aper_order = agp_aper_order;
485 /* Got the aperture from the AGP bridge */
486 } else if ((!no_iommu && max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN) ||
489 fallback_aper_force) {
490 pr_info("Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole\n");
491 pr_info("Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup\n");
492 pr_info("This costs you %dMB of RAM\n",
493 32 << fallback_aper_order);
495 aper_order = fallback_aper_order;
496 aper_alloc = allocate_aperture();
499 * Could disable AGP and IOMMU here, but it's
500 * probably not worth it. But the later users
501 * cannot deal with bad apertures and turning
502 * on the aperture over memory causes very
503 * strange problems, so it's better to panic
506 panic("Not enough memory for aperture");
513 * If this is the kdump kernel _and_ the first kernel did not
514 * configure the aperture in the northbridge, this range may
515 * overlap with the first kernel's memory. We can't access the
516 * range through vmcore even though it should be part of the dump.
518 exclude_from_vmcore(aper_alloc, aper_order);
520 /* Fix up the north bridges */
521 for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
522 int bus, dev_base, dev_limit;
525 * Don't enable translation yet but enable GART IO and CPU
526 * accesses and set DISTLBWALKPRB since GART table memory is UC.
528 u32 ctl = aper_order << 1;
530 bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
531 dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
532 dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
533 for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
534 if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
537 write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
538 write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE, aper_alloc >> 25);
542 set_up_gart_resume(aper_order, aper_alloc);