2 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
3 * License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
6 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
7 * Copyright (C) 1995 Waldorf Electronics
8 * Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 01, 02, 03 Ralf Baechle
9 * Copyright (C) 1996 Stoned Elipot
10 * Copyright (C) 1999 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
11 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007 Maciej W. Rozycki
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/cpu.h>
15 #include <linux/delay.h>
16 #include <linux/ioport.h>
17 #include <linux/export.h>
18 #include <linux/memblock.h>
19 #include <linux/initrd.h>
20 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
21 #include <linux/highmem.h>
22 #include <linux/console.h>
23 #include <linux/pfn.h>
24 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
25 #include <linux/kexec.h>
26 #include <linux/sizes.h>
27 #include <linux/device.h>
28 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
29 #include <linux/decompress/generic.h>
30 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
31 #include <linux/dmi.h>
32 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
34 #include <asm/addrspace.h>
35 #include <asm/bootinfo.h>
37 #include <asm/cache.h>
40 #include <asm/debug.h>
41 #include <asm/mmzone.h>
42 #include <asm/sections.h>
43 #include <asm/setup.h>
44 #include <asm/smp-ops.h>
46 #include <asm/fw/fw.h>
48 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB
49 char __section(".appended_dtb") __appended_dtb[0x100000];
50 #endif /* CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB */
52 struct cpuinfo_mips cpu_data[NR_CPUS] __read_mostly;
54 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_data);
59 * These are initialized so they are in the .data section
61 unsigned long mips_machtype __read_mostly = MACH_UNKNOWN;
63 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_machtype);
65 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
66 char __initdata arcs_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
68 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
69 static const char builtin_cmdline[] __initconst = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
71 static const char builtin_cmdline[] __initconst = "";
75 * mips_io_port_base is the begin of the address space to which x86 style
76 * I/O ports are mapped.
78 unsigned long mips_io_port_base = -1;
79 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_io_port_base);
81 static struct resource code_resource = { .name = "Kernel code", };
82 static struct resource data_resource = { .name = "Kernel data", };
83 static struct resource bss_resource = { .name = "Kernel bss", };
85 unsigned long __kaslr_offset __ro_after_init;
86 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kaslr_offset);
88 static void *detect_magic __initdata = detect_memory_region;
90 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
91 unsigned long ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
92 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
95 void __init detect_memory_region(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t sz_min, phys_addr_t sz_max)
97 void *dm = &detect_magic;
100 for (size = sz_min; size < sz_max; size <<= 1) {
101 if (!memcmp(dm, dm + size, sizeof(detect_magic)))
105 pr_debug("Memory: %lluMB of RAM detected at 0x%llx (min: %lluMB, max: %lluMB)\n",
106 ((unsigned long long) size) / SZ_1M,
107 (unsigned long long) start,
108 ((unsigned long long) sz_min) / SZ_1M,
109 ((unsigned long long) sz_max) / SZ_1M);
111 memblock_add(start, size);
117 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
119 static int __init rd_start_early(char *p)
121 unsigned long start = memparse(p, &p);
124 /* Guess if the sign extension was forgotten by bootloader */
128 initrd_start = start;
132 early_param("rd_start", rd_start_early);
134 static int __init rd_size_early(char *p)
136 initrd_end += memparse(p, &p);
139 early_param("rd_size", rd_size_early);
141 /* it returns the next free pfn after initrd */
142 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
147 * Board specific code or command line parser should have
148 * already set up initrd_start and initrd_end. In these cases
149 * perfom sanity checks and use them if all looks good.
151 if (!initrd_start || initrd_end <= initrd_start)
154 if (initrd_start & ~PAGE_MASK) {
155 pr_err("initrd start must be page aligned\n");
160 * Sanitize initrd addresses. For example firmware
161 * can't guess if they need to pass them through
162 * 64-bits values if the kernel has been built in pure
163 * 32-bit. We need also to switch from KSEG0 to XKPHYS
164 * addresses now, so the code can now safely use __pa().
166 end = __pa(initrd_end);
167 initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
168 initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(__pa(initrd_start));
170 if (initrd_start < PAGE_OFFSET) {
171 pr_err("initrd start < PAGE_OFFSET\n");
175 ROOT_DEV = Root_RAM0;
183 /* In some conditions (e.g. big endian bootloader with a little endian
184 kernel), the initrd might appear byte swapped. Try to detect this and
185 byte swap it if needed. */
186 static void __init maybe_bswap_initrd(void)
188 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_CAVIUM_OCTEON)
191 /* Check for CPIO signature */
192 if (!memcmp((void *)initrd_start, "070701", 6))
195 /* Check for compressed initrd */
196 if (decompress_method((unsigned char *)initrd_start, 8, NULL))
199 /* Try again with a byte swapped header */
200 buf = swab64p((u64 *)initrd_start);
201 if (!memcmp(&buf, "070701", 6) ||
202 decompress_method((unsigned char *)(&buf), 8, NULL)) {
205 pr_info("Byteswapped initrd detected\n");
206 for (i = initrd_start; i < ALIGN(initrd_end, 8); i += 8)
212 static void __init finalize_initrd(void)
214 unsigned long size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
217 printk(KERN_INFO "Initrd not found or empty");
220 if (__pa(initrd_end) > PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)) {
221 printk(KERN_ERR "Initrd extends beyond end of memory");
225 maybe_bswap_initrd();
227 memblock_reserve(__pa(initrd_start), size);
228 initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
230 pr_info("Initial ramdisk at: 0x%lx (%lu bytes)\n",
234 printk(KERN_CONT " - disabling initrd\n");
239 #else /* !CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
241 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
246 #define finalize_initrd() do {} while (0)
251 * Initialize the bootmem allocator. It also setup initrd related data
254 #if defined(CONFIG_SGI_IP27) || (defined(CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON64) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA))
256 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
262 #else /* !CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
264 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
266 phys_addr_t ramstart, ramend;
267 unsigned long start, end;
270 ramstart = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
271 ramend = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
274 * Sanity check any INITRD first. We don't take it into account
275 * for bootmem setup initially, rely on the end-of-kernel-code
276 * as our memory range starting point. Once bootmem is inited we
277 * will reserve the area used for the initrd.
281 /* Reserve memory occupied by kernel. */
282 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&_text),
283 __pa_symbol(&_end) - __pa_symbol(&_text));
285 /* max_low_pfn is not a number of pages but the end pfn of low mem */
287 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
288 ARCH_PFN_OFFSET = PFN_UP(ramstart);
291 * Reserve any memory between the start of RAM and PHYS_OFFSET
293 if (ramstart > PHYS_OFFSET)
294 memblock_reserve(PHYS_OFFSET, ramstart - PHYS_OFFSET);
296 if (PFN_UP(ramstart) > ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) {
297 pr_info("Wasting %lu bytes for tracking %lu unused pages\n",
298 (unsigned long)((PFN_UP(ramstart) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) * sizeof(struct page)),
299 (unsigned long)(PFN_UP(ramstart) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET));
303 min_low_pfn = ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
304 max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(ramend);
305 for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start, &end, NULL) {
307 * Skip highmem here so we get an accurate max_low_pfn if low
308 * memory stops short of high memory.
309 * If the region overlaps HIGHMEM_START, end is clipped so
310 * max_pfn excludes the highmem portion.
312 if (start >= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START))
314 if (end > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START))
315 end = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
316 if (end > max_low_pfn)
320 if (min_low_pfn >= max_low_pfn)
321 panic("Incorrect memory mapping !!!");
323 if (max_pfn > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START)) {
324 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
325 highstart_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
326 highend_pfn = max_pfn;
328 max_low_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
329 max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
334 * Reserve initrd memory if needed.
339 #endif /* CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
341 static int usermem __initdata;
343 static int __init early_parse_mem(char *p)
345 phys_addr_t start, size;
348 pr_err("mem parameter is empty, do nothing\n");
353 * If a user specifies memory size, we
354 * blow away any automatically generated
359 memblock_remove(memblock_start_of_DRAM(),
360 memblock_end_of_DRAM() - memblock_start_of_DRAM());
363 size = memparse(p, &p);
365 start = memparse(p + 1, &p);
367 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NUMA))
368 memblock_add_node(start, size, pa_to_nid(start), MEMBLOCK_NONE);
370 memblock_add(start, size);
374 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem);
376 static int __init early_parse_memmap(char *p)
379 u64 start_at, mem_size;
384 if (!strncmp(p, "exactmap", 8)) {
385 pr_err("\"memmap=exactmap\" invalid on MIPS\n");
390 mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
395 start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
396 memblock_add(start_at, mem_size);
397 } else if (*p == '#') {
398 pr_err("\"memmap=nn#ss\" (force ACPI data) invalid on MIPS\n");
400 } else if (*p == '$') {
401 start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
402 memblock_add(start_at, mem_size);
403 memblock_reserve(start_at, mem_size);
405 pr_err("\"memmap\" invalid format!\n");
415 early_param("memmap", early_parse_memmap);
417 static void __init mips_reserve_vmcore(void)
419 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
420 phys_addr_t start, end;
423 if (!elfcorehdr_size) {
424 for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
425 if (elfcorehdr_addr >= start && elfcorehdr_addr < end) {
427 * Reserve from the elf core header to the end of
428 * the memory segment, that should all be kdump
431 elfcorehdr_size = end - elfcorehdr_addr;
437 pr_info("Reserving %ldKB of memory at %ldKB for kdump\n",
438 (unsigned long)elfcorehdr_size >> 10, (unsigned long)elfcorehdr_addr >> 10);
440 memblock_reserve(elfcorehdr_addr, elfcorehdr_size);
446 /* 64M alignment for crash kernel regions */
447 #define CRASH_ALIGN SZ_64M
448 #define CRASH_ADDR_MAX SZ_512M
450 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
452 unsigned long long total_mem;
453 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
456 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
457 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
458 &crash_size, &crash_base,
460 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
463 if (crash_base <= 0) {
464 crash_base = memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size, CRASH_ALIGN,
468 pr_warn("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
472 unsigned long long start;
474 start = memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size, 1,
476 crash_base + crash_size);
477 if (start != crash_base) {
478 pr_warn("Invalid memory region reserved for crash kernel\n");
483 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
484 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
487 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
491 if (crashk_res.start == crashk_res.end)
494 ret = request_resource(res, &crashk_res);
496 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel\n",
497 (unsigned long)(resource_size(&crashk_res) >> 20),
498 (unsigned long)(crashk_res.start >> 20));
500 #else /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
501 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
505 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
508 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
510 static void __init check_kernel_sections_mem(void)
512 phys_addr_t start = __pa_symbol(&_text);
513 phys_addr_t size = __pa_symbol(&_end) - start;
515 if (!memblock_is_region_memory(start, size)) {
516 pr_info("Kernel sections are not in the memory maps\n");
517 memblock_add(start, size);
521 static void __init bootcmdline_append(const char *s, size_t max)
526 if (boot_command_line[0])
527 strlcat(boot_command_line, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
529 strlcat(boot_command_line, s, max);
532 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
534 static int __init bootcmdline_scan_chosen(unsigned long node, const char *uname,
535 int depth, void *data)
537 bool *dt_bootargs = data;
541 if (depth != 1 || !data ||
542 (strcmp(uname, "chosen") != 0 && strcmp(uname, "chosen@0") != 0))
545 p = of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "bootargs", &l);
546 if (p != NULL && l > 0) {
547 bootcmdline_append(p, min(l, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE));
554 #endif /* CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE */
556 static void __init bootcmdline_init(void)
558 bool dt_bootargs = false;
561 * If CMDLINE_OVERRIDE is enabled then initializing the command line is
562 * trivial - we simply use the built-in command line unconditionally &
565 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE)) {
566 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
571 * If the user specified a built-in command line &
572 * MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND, then the built-in command line is
573 * prepended to arguments from the bootloader or DT so we'll copy them
574 * to the start of boot_command_line here. Otherwise, empty
575 * boot_command_line to undo anything early_init_dt_scan_chosen() did.
577 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND))
578 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
580 boot_command_line[0] = 0;
582 #ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
584 * If we're configured to take boot arguments from DT, look for those
587 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_DTB) ||
588 IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND))
589 of_scan_flat_dt(bootcmdline_scan_chosen, &dt_bootargs);
593 * If we didn't get any arguments from DT (regardless of whether that's
594 * because we weren't configured to look for them, or because we looked
595 * & found none) then we'll take arguments from the bootloader.
596 * plat_mem_setup() should have filled arcs_cmdline with arguments from
599 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND) || !dt_bootargs)
600 bootcmdline_append(arcs_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
603 * If the user specified a built-in command line & we didn't already
604 * prepend it, we append it to boot_command_line here.
606 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL) &&
607 !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND))
608 bootcmdline_append(builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
612 * arch_mem_init - initialize memory management subsystem
614 * o plat_mem_setup() detects the memory configuration and will record detected
615 * memory areas using memblock_add.
617 * At this stage the memory configuration of the system is known to the
618 * kernel but generic memory management system is still entirely uninitialized.
623 * o dma_contiguous_reserve()
625 * At this stage the bootmem allocator is ready to use.
627 * NOTE: historically plat_mem_setup did the entire platform initialization.
628 * This was rather impractical because it meant plat_mem_setup had to
629 * get away without any kind of memory allocator. To keep old code from
630 * breaking plat_setup was just renamed to plat_mem_setup and a second platform
631 * initialization hook for anything else was introduced.
633 static void __init arch_mem_init(char **cmdline_p)
635 /* call board setup routine */
637 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
640 strscpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
641 *cmdline_p = command_line;
646 pr_info("User-defined physical RAM map overwrite\n");
648 check_kernel_sections_mem();
650 early_init_fdt_reserve_self();
651 early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
654 memblock_set_node(0, PHYS_ADDR_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
659 * Prevent memblock from allocating high memory.
660 * This cannot be done before max_low_pfn is detected, so up
661 * to this point is possible to only reserve physical memory
662 * with memblock_reserve; memblock_alloc* can be used
663 * only after this point
665 memblock_set_current_limit(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
667 mips_reserve_vmcore();
669 mips_parse_crashkernel();
673 * In order to reduce the possibility of kernel panic when failed to
674 * get IO TLB memory under CONFIG_SWIOTLB, it is better to allocate
675 * low memory as small as possible before plat_swiotlb_setup(), so
676 * make sparse_init() using top-down allocation.
678 memblock_set_bottom_up(false);
680 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
682 plat_swiotlb_setup();
684 dma_contiguous_reserve(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
686 /* Reserve for hibernation. */
687 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin),
688 __pa_symbol(&__nosave_end) - __pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin));
690 early_memtest(PFN_PHYS(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET), PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
693 static void __init resource_init(void)
695 phys_addr_t start, end;
698 if (UNCAC_BASE != IO_BASE)
701 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_text);
702 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_etext) - 1;
703 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_etext);
704 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_edata) - 1;
705 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&__bss_start);
706 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&__bss_stop) - 1;
708 for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
709 struct resource *res;
711 res = memblock_alloc(sizeof(struct resource), SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
713 panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__,
714 sizeof(struct resource));
718 * In memblock, end points to the first byte after the
719 * range while in resourses, end points to the last byte in
723 res->flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
724 res->name = "System RAM";
726 request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
729 * We don't know which RAM region contains kernel data,
730 * so we try it repeatedly and let the resource manager
733 request_resource(res, &code_resource);
734 request_resource(res, &data_resource);
735 request_resource(res, &bss_resource);
736 request_crashkernel(res);
741 static void __init prefill_possible_map(void)
743 int i, possible = num_possible_cpus();
745 if (possible > nr_cpu_ids)
746 possible = nr_cpu_ids;
748 for (i = 0; i < possible; i++)
749 set_cpu_possible(i, true);
750 for (; i < NR_CPUS; i++)
751 set_cpu_possible(i, false);
753 set_nr_cpu_ids(possible);
756 static inline void prefill_possible_map(void) {}
759 static void __init setup_rng_seed(void)
761 char *rng_seed_hex = fw_getenv("rngseed");
768 len = min(sizeof(rng_seed), strlen(rng_seed_hex) / 2);
769 if (hex2bin(rng_seed, rng_seed_hex, len))
772 add_bootloader_randomness(rng_seed, len);
773 memzero_explicit(rng_seed, len);
774 memzero_explicit(rng_seed_hex, len * 2);
777 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
783 setup_early_fdc_console();
784 #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
785 setup_early_printk();
788 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))
789 check_bugs64_early();
791 arch_mem_init(cmdline_p);
796 prefill_possible_map();
806 unsigned long kernelsp[NR_CPUS];
807 unsigned long fw_arg0, fw_arg1, fw_arg2, fw_arg3;
809 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
810 struct dentry *mips_debugfs_dir;
811 static int __init debugfs_mips(void)
813 mips_debugfs_dir = debugfs_create_dir("mips", NULL);
816 arch_initcall(debugfs_mips);
819 #ifdef CONFIG_DMA_NONCOHERENT
820 static int __init setcoherentio(char *str)
822 dma_default_coherent = true;
823 pr_info("Hardware DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
826 early_param("coherentio", setcoherentio);
828 static int __init setnocoherentio(char *str)
830 dma_default_coherent = false;
831 pr_info("Software DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
834 early_param("nocoherentio", setnocoherentio);
837 void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
839 unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
841 cpu_data[cpu].udelay_val = loops_per_jiffy;
844 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))