2 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
3 * License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
6 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
7 * Copyright (C) 1995 Waldorf Electronics
8 * Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 01, 02, 03 Ralf Baechle
9 * Copyright (C) 1996 Stoned Elipot
10 * Copyright (C) 1999 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
11 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007 Maciej W. Rozycki
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/ioport.h>
15 #include <linux/export.h>
16 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
17 #include <linux/memblock.h>
18 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
19 #include <linux/initrd.h>
20 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
21 #include <linux/highmem.h>
22 #include <linux/console.h>
23 #include <linux/pfn.h>
24 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
25 #include <linux/kexec.h>
26 #include <linux/sizes.h>
27 #include <linux/device.h>
28 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
30 #include <asm/addrspace.h>
31 #include <asm/bootinfo.h>
33 #include <asm/cache.h>
36 #include <asm/debug.h>
37 #include <asm/sections.h>
38 #include <asm/setup.h>
39 #include <asm/smp-ops.h>
42 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB
43 const char __section(.appended_dtb) __appended_dtb[0x100000];
44 #endif /* CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB */
46 struct cpuinfo_mips cpu_data[NR_CPUS] __read_mostly;
48 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_data);
51 struct screen_info screen_info;
55 * Despite it's name this variable is even if we don't have PCI
57 unsigned int PCI_DMA_BUS_IS_PHYS;
59 EXPORT_SYMBOL(PCI_DMA_BUS_IS_PHYS);
64 * These are initialized so they are in the .data section
66 unsigned long mips_machtype __read_mostly = MACH_UNKNOWN;
68 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_machtype);
70 struct boot_mem_map boot_mem_map;
72 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
73 char __initdata arcs_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
75 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
76 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
80 * mips_io_port_base is the begin of the address space to which x86 style
81 * I/O ports are mapped.
83 unsigned long mips_io_port_base = -1;
84 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_io_port_base);
86 static struct resource code_resource = { .name = "Kernel code", };
87 static struct resource data_resource = { .name = "Kernel data", };
89 static void *detect_magic __initdata = detect_memory_region;
91 void __init add_memory_region(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t size, long type)
93 int x = boot_mem_map.nr_map;
97 if (start + size < start) {
98 pr_warn("Trying to add an invalid memory region, skipped\n");
103 * Try to merge with existing entry, if any.
105 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
106 struct boot_mem_map_entry *entry = boot_mem_map.map + i;
109 if (entry->type != type)
112 if (start + size < entry->addr)
113 continue; /* no overlap */
115 if (entry->addr + entry->size < start)
116 continue; /* no overlap */
118 top = max(entry->addr + entry->size, start + size);
119 entry->addr = min(entry->addr, start);
120 entry->size = top - entry->addr;
125 if (boot_mem_map.nr_map == BOOT_MEM_MAP_MAX) {
126 pr_err("Ooops! Too many entries in the memory map!\n");
130 boot_mem_map.map[x].addr = start;
131 boot_mem_map.map[x].size = size;
132 boot_mem_map.map[x].type = type;
133 boot_mem_map.nr_map++;
136 void __init detect_memory_region(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t sz_min, phys_addr_t sz_max)
138 void *dm = &detect_magic;
141 for (size = sz_min; size < sz_max; size <<= 1) {
142 if (!memcmp(dm, dm + size, sizeof(detect_magic)))
146 pr_debug("Memory: %lluMB of RAM detected at 0x%llx (min: %lluMB, max: %lluMB)\n",
147 ((unsigned long long) size) / SZ_1M,
148 (unsigned long long) start,
149 ((unsigned long long) sz_min) / SZ_1M,
150 ((unsigned long long) sz_max) / SZ_1M);
152 add_memory_region(start, size, BOOT_MEM_RAM);
155 bool __init memory_region_available(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t size)
158 bool in_ram = false, free = true;
160 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
161 phys_addr_t start_, end_;
163 start_ = boot_mem_map.map[i].addr;
164 end_ = boot_mem_map.map[i].addr + boot_mem_map.map[i].size;
166 switch (boot_mem_map.map[i].type) {
168 if (start >= start_ && start + size <= end_)
171 case BOOT_MEM_RESERVED:
172 if ((start >= start_ && start < end_) ||
173 (start < start_ && start + size >= start_))
181 return in_ram && free;
184 static void __init print_memory_map(void)
187 const int field = 2 * sizeof(unsigned long);
189 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
190 printk(KERN_INFO " memory: %0*Lx @ %0*Lx ",
191 field, (unsigned long long) boot_mem_map.map[i].size,
192 field, (unsigned long long) boot_mem_map.map[i].addr);
194 switch (boot_mem_map.map[i].type) {
196 printk(KERN_CONT "(usable)\n");
198 case BOOT_MEM_INIT_RAM:
199 printk(KERN_CONT "(usable after init)\n");
201 case BOOT_MEM_ROM_DATA:
202 printk(KERN_CONT "(ROM data)\n");
204 case BOOT_MEM_RESERVED:
205 printk(KERN_CONT "(reserved)\n");
208 printk(KERN_CONT "type %lu\n", boot_mem_map.map[i].type);
217 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
219 static int __init rd_start_early(char *p)
221 unsigned long start = memparse(p, &p);
224 /* Guess if the sign extension was forgotten by bootloader */
228 initrd_start = start;
232 early_param("rd_start", rd_start_early);
234 static int __init rd_size_early(char *p)
236 initrd_end += memparse(p, &p);
239 early_param("rd_size", rd_size_early);
241 /* it returns the next free pfn after initrd */
242 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
247 * Board specific code or command line parser should have
248 * already set up initrd_start and initrd_end. In these cases
249 * perfom sanity checks and use them if all looks good.
251 if (!initrd_start || initrd_end <= initrd_start)
254 if (initrd_start & ~PAGE_MASK) {
255 pr_err("initrd start must be page aligned\n");
258 if (initrd_start < PAGE_OFFSET) {
259 pr_err("initrd start < PAGE_OFFSET\n");
264 * Sanitize initrd addresses. For example firmware
265 * can't guess if they need to pass them through
266 * 64-bits values if the kernel has been built in pure
267 * 32-bit. We need also to switch from KSEG0 to XKPHYS
268 * addresses now, so the code can now safely use __pa().
270 end = __pa(initrd_end);
271 initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
272 initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(__pa(initrd_start));
274 ROOT_DEV = Root_RAM0;
282 static void __init finalize_initrd(void)
284 unsigned long size = initrd_end - initrd_start;
287 printk(KERN_INFO "Initrd not found or empty");
290 if (__pa(initrd_end) > PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)) {
291 printk(KERN_ERR "Initrd extends beyond end of memory");
295 reserve_bootmem(__pa(initrd_start), size, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
296 initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
298 pr_info("Initial ramdisk at: 0x%lx (%lu bytes)\n",
302 printk(KERN_CONT " - disabling initrd\n");
307 #else /* !CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
309 static unsigned long __init init_initrd(void)
314 #define finalize_initrd() do {} while (0)
319 * Initialize the bootmem allocator. It also setup initrd related data
322 #if defined(CONFIG_SGI_IP27) || (defined(CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON3) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA))
324 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
330 #else /* !CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
332 static unsigned long __init bootmap_bytes(unsigned long pages)
334 unsigned long bytes = DIV_ROUND_UP(pages, 8);
336 return ALIGN(bytes, sizeof(long));
339 static void __init bootmem_init(void)
341 unsigned long reserved_end;
342 unsigned long mapstart = ~0UL;
343 unsigned long bootmap_size;
344 bool bootmap_valid = false;
348 * Sanity check any INITRD first. We don't take it into account
349 * for bootmem setup initially, rely on the end-of-kernel-code
350 * as our memory range starting point. Once bootmem is inited we
351 * will reserve the area used for the initrd.
354 reserved_end = (unsigned long) PFN_UP(__pa_symbol(&_end));
357 * max_low_pfn is not a number of pages. The number of pages
358 * of the system is given by 'max_low_pfn - min_low_pfn'.
364 * Find the highest page frame number we have available.
366 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
367 unsigned long start, end;
369 if (boot_mem_map.map[i].type != BOOT_MEM_RAM)
372 start = PFN_UP(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr);
373 end = PFN_DOWN(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr
374 + boot_mem_map.map[i].size);
376 if (end > max_low_pfn)
378 if (start < min_low_pfn)
380 if (end <= reserved_end)
382 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
383 /* Skip zones before initrd and initrd itself */
384 if (initrd_end && end <= (unsigned long)PFN_UP(__pa(initrd_end)))
387 if (start >= mapstart)
389 mapstart = max(reserved_end, start);
392 if (min_low_pfn >= max_low_pfn)
393 panic("Incorrect memory mapping !!!");
394 if (min_low_pfn > ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) {
395 pr_info("Wasting %lu bytes for tracking %lu unused pages\n",
396 (min_low_pfn - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) * sizeof(struct page),
397 min_low_pfn - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
398 } else if (min_low_pfn < ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) {
399 pr_info("%lu free pages won't be used\n",
400 ARCH_PFN_OFFSET - min_low_pfn);
402 min_low_pfn = ARCH_PFN_OFFSET;
405 * Determine low and high memory ranges
407 max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
408 if (max_low_pfn > PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START)) {
409 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
410 highstart_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
411 highend_pfn = max_low_pfn;
413 max_low_pfn = PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START);
416 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
418 * mapstart should be after initrd_end
421 mapstart = max(mapstart, (unsigned long)PFN_UP(__pa(initrd_end)));
425 * check that mapstart doesn't overlap with any of
426 * memory regions that have been reserved through eg. DTB
428 bootmap_size = bootmap_bytes(max_low_pfn - min_low_pfn);
430 bootmap_valid = memory_region_available(PFN_PHYS(mapstart),
432 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map && !bootmap_valid; i++) {
433 unsigned long mapstart_addr;
435 switch (boot_mem_map.map[i].type) {
436 case BOOT_MEM_RESERVED:
437 mapstart_addr = PFN_ALIGN(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr +
438 boot_mem_map.map[i].size);
439 if (PHYS_PFN(mapstart_addr) < mapstart)
442 bootmap_valid = memory_region_available(mapstart_addr,
445 mapstart = PHYS_PFN(mapstart_addr);
453 panic("No memory area to place a bootmap bitmap");
456 * Initialize the boot-time allocator with low memory only.
458 if (bootmap_size != init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0), mapstart,
459 min_low_pfn, max_low_pfn))
460 panic("Unexpected memory size required for bootmap");
462 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
463 unsigned long start, end;
465 start = PFN_UP(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr);
466 end = PFN_DOWN(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr
467 + boot_mem_map.map[i].size);
469 if (start <= min_low_pfn)
474 #ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
475 if (end > max_low_pfn)
479 * ... finally, is the area going away?
485 memblock_add_node(PFN_PHYS(start), PFN_PHYS(end - start), 0);
489 * Register fully available low RAM pages with the bootmem allocator.
491 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
492 unsigned long start, end, size;
494 start = PFN_UP(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr);
495 end = PFN_DOWN(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr
496 + boot_mem_map.map[i].size);
499 * Reserve usable memory.
501 switch (boot_mem_map.map[i].type) {
504 case BOOT_MEM_INIT_RAM:
505 memory_present(0, start, end);
508 /* Not usable memory */
509 if (start > min_low_pfn && end < max_low_pfn)
510 reserve_bootmem(boot_mem_map.map[i].addr,
511 boot_mem_map.map[i].size,
517 * We are rounding up the start address of usable memory
518 * and at the end of the usable range downwards.
520 if (start >= max_low_pfn)
522 if (start < reserved_end)
523 start = reserved_end;
524 if (end > max_low_pfn)
528 * ... finally, is the area going away?
534 /* Register lowmem ranges */
535 free_bootmem(PFN_PHYS(start), size << PAGE_SHIFT);
536 memory_present(0, start, end);
540 * Reserve the bootmap memory.
542 reserve_bootmem(PFN_PHYS(mapstart), bootmap_size, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
545 * Reserve initrd memory if needed.
550 #endif /* CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
553 * arch_mem_init - initialize memory management subsystem
555 * o plat_mem_setup() detects the memory configuration and will record detected
556 * memory areas using add_memory_region.
558 * At this stage the memory configuration of the system is known to the
559 * kernel but generic memory management system is still entirely uninitialized.
564 * o dma_contiguous_reserve()
566 * At this stage the bootmem allocator is ready to use.
568 * NOTE: historically plat_mem_setup did the entire platform initialization.
569 * This was rather impractical because it meant plat_mem_setup had to
570 * get away without any kind of memory allocator. To keep old code from
571 * breaking plat_setup was just renamed to plat_mem_setup and a second platform
572 * initialization hook for anything else was introduced.
575 static int usermem __initdata;
577 static int __init early_parse_mem(char *p)
579 phys_addr_t start, size;
582 * If a user specifies memory size, we
583 * blow away any automatically generated
587 boot_mem_map.nr_map = 0;
591 size = memparse(p, &p);
593 start = memparse(p + 1, &p);
595 add_memory_region(start, size, BOOT_MEM_RAM);
598 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem);
600 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
601 unsigned long setup_elfcorehdr, setup_elfcorehdr_size;
602 static int __init early_parse_elfcorehdr(char *p)
606 setup_elfcorehdr = memparse(p, &p);
608 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
609 unsigned long start = boot_mem_map.map[i].addr;
610 unsigned long end = (boot_mem_map.map[i].addr +
611 boot_mem_map.map[i].size);
612 if (setup_elfcorehdr >= start && setup_elfcorehdr < end) {
614 * Reserve from the elf core header to the end of
615 * the memory segment, that should all be kdump
618 setup_elfcorehdr_size = end - setup_elfcorehdr;
623 * If we don't find it in the memory map, then we shouldn't
624 * have to worry about it, as the new kernel won't use it.
628 early_param("elfcorehdr", early_parse_elfcorehdr);
631 static void __init arch_mem_addpart(phys_addr_t mem, phys_addr_t end, int type)
640 /* Make sure it is in the boot_mem_map */
641 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
642 if (mem >= boot_mem_map.map[i].addr &&
643 mem < (boot_mem_map.map[i].addr +
644 boot_mem_map.map[i].size))
647 add_memory_region(mem, size, type);
651 static inline unsigned long long get_total_mem(void)
653 unsigned long long total;
655 total = max_pfn - min_low_pfn;
656 return total << PAGE_SHIFT;
659 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
661 unsigned long long total_mem;
662 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
665 total_mem = get_total_mem();
666 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
667 &crash_size, &crash_base);
668 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
671 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
672 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
675 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
679 ret = request_resource(res, &crashk_res);
681 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel\n",
682 (unsigned long)((crashk_res.end -
683 crashk_res.start + 1) >> 20),
684 (unsigned long)(crashk_res.start >> 20));
686 #else /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
687 static void __init mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
691 static void __init request_crashkernel(struct resource *res)
694 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
696 #define USE_PROM_CMDLINE IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_BOOTLOADER)
697 #define USE_DTB_CMDLINE IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_DTB)
698 #define EXTEND_WITH_PROM IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND)
700 static void __init arch_mem_init(char **cmdline_p)
702 struct memblock_region *reg;
703 extern void plat_mem_setup(void);
705 /* call board setup routine */
709 * Make sure all kernel memory is in the maps. The "UP" and
710 * "DOWN" are opposite for initdata since if it crosses over
711 * into another memory section you don't want that to be
712 * freed when the initdata is freed.
714 arch_mem_addpart(PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(&_text)) << PAGE_SHIFT,
715 PFN_UP(__pa_symbol(&_edata)) << PAGE_SHIFT,
717 arch_mem_addpart(PFN_UP(__pa_symbol(&__init_begin)) << PAGE_SHIFT,
718 PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(&__init_end)) << PAGE_SHIFT,
721 pr_info("Determined physical RAM map:\n");
724 #if defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL) && defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE)
725 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
727 if ((USE_PROM_CMDLINE && arcs_cmdline[0]) ||
728 (USE_DTB_CMDLINE && !boot_command_line[0]))
729 strlcpy(boot_command_line, arcs_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
731 if (EXTEND_WITH_PROM && arcs_cmdline[0]) {
732 strlcat(boot_command_line, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
733 strlcat(boot_command_line, arcs_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
736 #if defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL)
737 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
738 strlcat(boot_command_line, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
739 strlcat(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
743 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
745 *cmdline_p = command_line;
750 pr_info("User-defined physical RAM map:\n");
755 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
756 if (setup_elfcorehdr && setup_elfcorehdr_size) {
757 printk(KERN_INFO "kdump reserved memory at %lx-%lx\n",
758 setup_elfcorehdr, setup_elfcorehdr_size);
759 reserve_bootmem(setup_elfcorehdr, setup_elfcorehdr_size,
764 mips_parse_crashkernel();
766 if (crashk_res.start != crashk_res.end)
767 reserve_bootmem(crashk_res.start,
768 crashk_res.end - crashk_res.start + 1,
774 * In order to reduce the possibility of kernel panic when failed to
775 * get IO TLB memory under CONFIG_SWIOTLB, it is better to allocate
776 * low memory as small as possible before plat_swiotlb_setup(), so
777 * make sparse_init() using top-down allocation.
779 memblock_set_bottom_up(false);
781 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
783 plat_swiotlb_setup();
786 dma_contiguous_reserve(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
787 /* Tell bootmem about cma reserved memblock section */
788 for_each_memblock(reserved, reg)
790 reserve_bootmem(reg->base, reg->size, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
792 reserve_bootmem_region(__pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin),
793 __pa_symbol(&__nosave_end)); /* Reserve for hibernation */
796 static void __init resource_init(void)
800 if (UNCAC_BASE != IO_BASE)
803 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_text);
804 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_etext) - 1;
805 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(&_etext);
806 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(&_edata) - 1;
808 for (i = 0; i < boot_mem_map.nr_map; i++) {
809 struct resource *res;
810 unsigned long start, end;
812 start = boot_mem_map.map[i].addr;
813 end = boot_mem_map.map[i].addr + boot_mem_map.map[i].size - 1;
814 if (start >= HIGHMEM_START)
816 if (end >= HIGHMEM_START)
817 end = HIGHMEM_START - 1;
819 res = alloc_bootmem(sizeof(struct resource));
820 switch (boot_mem_map.map[i].type) {
822 case BOOT_MEM_INIT_RAM:
823 case BOOT_MEM_ROM_DATA:
824 res->name = "System RAM";
826 case BOOT_MEM_RESERVED:
828 res->name = "reserved";
834 res->flags = IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
835 request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
838 * We don't know which RAM region contains kernel data,
839 * so we try it repeatedly and let the resource manager
842 request_resource(res, &code_resource);
843 request_resource(res, &data_resource);
844 request_crashkernel(res);
849 static void __init prefill_possible_map(void)
851 int i, possible = num_possible_cpus();
853 if (possible > nr_cpu_ids)
854 possible = nr_cpu_ids;
856 for (i = 0; i < possible; i++)
857 set_cpu_possible(i, true);
858 for (; i < NR_CPUS; i++)
859 set_cpu_possible(i, false);
861 nr_cpu_ids = possible;
864 static inline void prefill_possible_map(void) {}
867 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
872 setup_early_fdc_console();
873 #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
874 setup_early_printk();
879 #if defined(CONFIG_VT)
880 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
881 conswitchp = &vga_con;
882 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
883 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
887 arch_mem_init(cmdline_p);
891 prefill_possible_map();
896 unsigned long kernelsp[NR_CPUS];
897 unsigned long fw_arg0, fw_arg1, fw_arg2, fw_arg3;
899 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
900 struct dentry *mips_debugfs_dir;
901 static int __init debugfs_mips(void)
905 d = debugfs_create_dir("mips", NULL);
908 mips_debugfs_dir = d;
911 arch_initcall(debugfs_mips);