1 The arm64 port of the Linux kernel provides infrastructure to support
2 emulation of instructions which have been deprecated, or obsoleted in
3 the architecture. The infrastructure code uses undefined instruction
4 hooks to support emulation. Where available it also allows turning on
5 the instruction execution in hardware.
7 The emulation mode can be controlled by writing to sysctl nodes
8 (/proc/sys/abi). The following explains the different execution
9 behaviours and the corresponding values of the sysctl nodes -
13 Generates undefined instruction abort. Default for instructions that
14 have been obsoleted in the architecture, e.g., SWP
18 Uses software emulation. To aid migration of software, in this mode
19 usage of emulated instruction is traced as well as rate limited
20 warnings are issued. This is the default for deprecated
21 instructions, .e.g., CP15 barriers
25 Although marked as deprecated, some implementations may support the
26 enabling/disabling of hardware support for the execution of these
27 instructions. Using hardware execution generally provides better
28 performance, but at the loss of ability to gather runtime statistics
29 about the use of the deprecated instructions.
31 The default mode depends on the status of the instruction in the
32 architecture. Deprecated instructions should default to emulation
33 while obsolete instructions must be undefined by default.
35 Note: Instruction emulation may not be possible in all cases. See
36 individual instruction notes for further information.
38 Supported legacy instructions
39 -----------------------------
41 Node: /proc/sys/abi/swp
46 Node: /proc/sys/abi/cp15_barrier
51 Node: /proc/sys/abi/setend
54 Note: All the cpus on the system must have mixed endian support at EL0
55 for this feature to be enabled. If a new CPU - which doesn't support mixed
56 endian - is hotplugged in after this feature has been enabled, there could
57 be unexpected results in the application.